This file contains the archives of the rec.games.vectrex NetNews group
for the month of Feb-1995 (This date range is approximate as article
dates are determined based on arrival time and not the date in the
article header).

The Vextrex archives, which include game code, technical specifications,
the rec.games.vectrex archive and a host of additional information, is
available at:

      ftp://ftp.csus.edu/pub/vectrex/

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From: woodcock@bnr.ca (Gregg Woodcock)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex,rec.games.video.classic
Subject: [Vectrex] FAQ
Date: 1 Feb 1995 14:42:09 GMT
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Expires: 01 Mar 1995

+-----------+
|Vectrex====|
| +-------+ | Vectrex "Frequently Asked Questions" List!  Created: 9/1/92
| | # +  *| | version 3.2 Copyright worldwide (c) 1994
| | :  X  | | Created and maintained by Gregg Woodcock (woodcock@bnr.ca)
| | :  . .| |
| | A  <=>| | This list will be reposted on the first day of every month.
| |     . | |
| |  X  + | |    @@@
| | *  x  | |  @@   @@@
| +-------+ @@@    +---@----+
| ###   # Q@@     / ! oooo /
| ###   OO  |    +--------+
+-----------+

<duhn duht duhn duht ... duhn duht duhn dit dut>

This file is copyrighted (c) 1994 by Gregg Woodcock but may be
distributed in part or in whole by anyone for any purpose (commercial or
otherwise) provided proper credit is given to me and the individual
contributors.  If you do use the FAQ, I would appreciate it if you send
me a copy of whatever you are doing with it.

My plan is to have a 'newbie' part and a 'techie' part.  I still need
some more information about the following questions for it:

    Can a pause switch be built? (YES)
    Can the overlays be reproduced (MAYBE)
    Can a 3D color disk be made? (MAYBE; I am going to try with "shrinky-dinks")
    How does the light pen work and can one be built? (YES)
    How does the 3D imager work and can a Sega imager be converted? (MAYBE)

================================================================================

Q. Is there a way to make a Vectrex joystick perhaps with autofire
capability?

Brian Holscher <brianh@ichips.intel.com> has designed a flexible way to
convert a Sega Genesis controller for use with the Vectrex.  He will
build one for you for a small fee or if you check the archives, you will
find a file describing how to build one yourself (it is more complex
than you will probably be expecting).  Here is the first part of that
file:

This information including schematics is copyright 1994 by Brian
Holscher.  This information is free for distribution as long as its not
used for commercial purposes.


        Using Sega Controllers with Vectrex
            (Revision 2.0a)

This Section explains:

1.  How to convert a Sega Controller to work with Vectrex.
1.  How to make a Sega Controller to Vectrex Adaptor.
2.  Where to purchase a converted Sega Controller.
3.  Where to purchase a Sega to Vectrex controller adapter.


BACKGROUND

    Since my Vectrex controller is flaky, I bought a cheap Sega
Controller and converted it to work on the Vectrex.  From there I added
some nice features like autofire and re-programmable buttons.  I decided
to post schematics for those who want to make Vectrex controllers.
After talking with others on the net, I decided to build a Sega to
Vectrex adapter.  This is a little harder than converting controllers,
but I got one to work.  This posting includes info and schematics for
both.

    For those who don't want the hassle of making your own controllers,
I'm offering converted controllers and adapters for sale.  I'm also
offering a preprogrammed micro-controller for sale.


LIMITATIONS

    The Sega Controller is a digital controller.  The Vectrex control
panel is an analog controller.  Games like Minestorm don't look at the
analog values of the joystick and only look to see what direction the
joystick is moved.  Games like Minestorm work with these converted Sega
controllers.  Games like HyperChase look at how far the joystick moves
in a direction and are not fun to play with these converted controllers.

All (known) games work with these converted controllers and adaptors
with 2 exceptsion.  Hyperchase (all game variations) and Starhawk (game
variation #2 only) are completely unplayable due to the need for analog
controller data.


FEATURES

    This design incorporates a micro-controller for additional
functionality.  The micro-controller allows the user to program which
Sega Controller button maps to which Vectrex button.  This is useful
since the 4th button (called Start) on the Sega Controller is a smaller
and inconveniently located since it is normally reserved for starting
games on Sega systems.  The micro-controller even allows reprogramming
of the button assignments in the middle of a game.  Another feature is
auto-fire.  Any button can be set to auto-fire.  This means that the
micro-controller presses the button over and over again instead of the
player.


CONTROLLERS VRS ADAPTERS

    Adapters give you the advantage of using any Sega Controller with
Vectrex and still be able to use it on the Sega system.  If you don't
have a Sega controller, a converted controller is less cost than an
adaptor plus the cost of a Sega controller.  Another slight advantage is
that the LED thats informs the user during button reprogramming and
auto-fire is easier to see on a converted controller.  The
micro-controller is optional if you are converting your own Sega
controller.  However, the micro-controller is required for the adapter.


BUYING CONVERTED CONTROLLERS

    If your don't want to convert a controller or make an adapter
yourself, you can purchase them from me.  You can also purchase a
preprogrammed micro-controller from me.

Sourme Code for Micro-controller ------- Free if you ask nicely.

Preprogrammed Micro-controller  -------- $20
(The includes Xtal and Xtal capacitors)

Converted Sega Controller  ------------- $45

Sega to Vectrex Adaptor    ------------- $45

Shipping is included.  Send email to brianh@ichips.intel.com and we will
work out the details.

================================================================================

Q. What is Vectrex?

Here it is in layman's terms:

Vectrex is one of the most inspired video game machines ever produced
(but similar things were said about the Edsel and Titanic).  Its point
of distinction is the fact that it uses vector "line" graphics (as
opposed to raster "pixel" graphics).  This is the same type of screen
used in such arcade classics as Space Wars, Asteroids, Battlezone and
Tempest.  The machine has a 9 x 11 inch black and white screen and comes
with a built-in Asteroids clone called Minestorm.  The games come with
plastic overlays that slide over the screen to cut down on flicker and
give some illusion of color.  It uses one of the most advanced 8 bit
processors, the 68A09 (6809 with 1.5MHz clock speed), and a popular and
excellent sound chip, General Instruments AY-3-8192, which can produce a
wide range of noises.  Also included is a 1.5 inch, self-centering,
joystick with 4 buttons on the right.  It uses an analog/potentiometer
system allowing differing degrees of directional input.

The machine's footprint takes up a little less than a square foot of a
desk (in fact, it quite resembles a jet black Macintosh SE sans mouse
and keyboard), and can be operated easily in that area.  The joystick is
connected via a springy telephone-like cord and can be folded into the
base of the machine for portability.  The machine is moderately
transportable and very well constructed but, alas, very much extinct.
It made its debut late in 1982 and was quite scarce by the end of
1984 due to the Great Video Game Depression of '82 which forced Milton
Bradley (who bought the rights to the Vectrex from General Consumer
Electronics (GCE)) to discontinue production due to to poor sales.
After this, the rights to the Vectrex and all related materials were
returned to the original developers, Smith Engineering.  Smith
Engineering has graciously condoned the not-for-profit circulation of
any duplicatable materials including games and manuals and is happy to
see it is still 'alive' in certain circles.

Here are some more detailed snippets from the service manual:

As a general description, the HP3OOO is a self-contained video game
system intended for home use.  The system includes its own 9" B&W
monitor screen and 3" permanent magnet speaker.  Plug-in ROM type
cartridges are available offering arcade type video and sound game play.
No external TV receiver hookup is needed or provided for.  A front panel
storable controller allows control over the game via joystick and push
button action switches.  For two player operation a second controller
identical to the single player controller is available as an accessory
product.  Both controllers attach to the main game console through nine
wire coiled telephone style cables.  There is a consumer power
switch/volume control on the front panel as well as a game reset button.
A consumer adjustable brightness control is located on the main console
rear housing.

For the technical description which follows, the reader is encouraged to
refer to the block diagram and schematic [not included here].

The HP3OOO is a microprocessor based, vector scan system using a
standard 9" black & white CRT as its video display device.  The
microprocessor (MPU) is the Motorola 68A09 device.  The MPU operates at
1.6 MHz from a 6 MHz external Xtal.  An internal divide by 4 circuit
generates the MPU 1.6 MHz "E" clock signal used in the system.  Program
memory is stored in the 8K x 8 bit 2363 type ROM.  This ROM contains
common subroutines, the "executive" or assembler instructions plus one
complete game.

Two 1K x 4 bit 2114 type static RAMS provide storage locations for data
indicative of locations of objects, game status, and various other
information needed by the microprocessor during game operation.
Peripheral Interface Adaptor (PIA) Chip, has two 8 bit peripheral ports
which interfaces the MPU with peripheral devices and external signals.
One of the PIA ports interfaces the General Instrument AY-3-8912
sound-I.O. chip with the MPU and also drives the digital to analog
converter chip MC1408.  The other PIA port is used as control lines for
the sound chip, selector control for the multiplex chip and as a means
to read the A/D comparator that's used in the joystick successive
approximation circuitry.  Sound is either MPU generated directly or by
use of the AY-3-8912 sound chip.

The AY-3-8912 sound chip is a programmable sound generator containing 3
tone generators and wave shaping circuitry.  This chip also has a single
8 bit I.O. port used to read the status of each of the hand controller's
4 action switches.

The standard TTL device types 74LS00 and 74LS32 are used as control line
decoders to allow the MPU to select the appropriate circuit element to
be addressed at any particular time.

The analog processing section includes digital to analog converter (DAC)
chip type MC1408, dual 4 channel multiplexer/demultiplexer chip type
CD4052, and dual channel op-amps types LF353 and LF347.

DAC chip MC1408 receives an 8 bit word at data terminals D0-D7.  DAC
output (pin 4) is current source.  One section of IC LF353 is used to
change this current to a voltage representative of the 8 bit digital
word received by the DAC chip.  The LF353 voltage is applied to an input
of the dual 4 channel multiplexer (MUX) chip CD4052.  This same voltage
(designated "DAC" on the schematic) is the X-axis drive signal.

The CD4052 MUX chip serves two purposes:  it selectively couples, under
MPU control, the output of the DAC current/voltage converter to one of 4
places and is used to selectively couple the inputs from the joystick
pots to the voltage comparator IC LF353.

================================================================================

Q. What games were released or on the drawing board before Vectrex died?

Production #      Name (Notes)               [Size or NR=Not Released]
------------   ----------------------------------------------------------
   VT 3000     Minestorm (built-in game; Asteroids clone)    [4K]
   VT 3101     Cosmic Chasm (1st home game ported to arcade) [4K]
   VT 3102     Rip Off (Cinematronics arcade port)           [4K]
   VT 3103     Scramble (Konami arcade port)                 [4K]
   VT 3104     Solar Quest (Cinematronics arcade port)       [4K]
   VT 3105     Space Wars (Cinematronics arcade port)        [4K]
   VT 3106     Starhawk (Cinematronics arcade port)          [4K]
   VT 3107     Star Trek (AKA Star Ship in Europe)           [4K]
   VT 3108     Web Wars (AKA Web Warp in ?????) (best game?) [8K]
   VT 3109     Star Castle (Cinematronics arcade port)       [4K]
   VT 3201     Hyperchase (very bad driving game)            [4K]
   VT 3202     Blitz! Action Football                        [8K]
   VT 3203     Heads-Up Action Soccer (AKA Soccer in Europe) [8K]
   VT 3204     Spinball (AKA Flipper in Europe) (has PAUSE!) [8K]
   VT 3205     Pitcher's Duel -OR- Batter Up Action Baseball [NR]
   VT 3206     Pole Position (Atari/Namco arcade port)       [8K]
   VT 3301     Armor Attack (Cinematronics arcade port)      [4K]
   VT 3302     Berzerk (Stern arcade port; high levels crash)[4K]
   VT 3303     Clean Sweep (Pac-Man clone)                   [4K]
   VT 3304     Fortress of Narzod (great shooter)            [8K]
   VT 3305     Bedlam (Tempest clone)                        [4K]
   VT 3306     Spike (It talks!  Originally called Buster?)  [8K]
   VT 3307     Dark Tower (ONLY 1 KNOWN TO EXIST!!!)         [12K (8K + 4K?)]
   VT 3308     Polar Rescue (Good subhunt game) (has PAUSE!) [8K]
   VT 3600     Light Pen (Hardware; required for 360X games)
   VT 3601     Art Master (light pen) (pack-in game)         [4K]
   VT 3602     Melody Master (light pen)                     [8K]
   VT 3603     Mail Plane (light pen) (completed???)         [NR]
   VT 3604     Animaction (light pen)                        [8K+2K RAM]
   VT 3630     3-D Imager (Hardware; required for 363X games)
   VT 3631     3-D Pole Position (3-D) (completed?)          [NR]
   VT 3632     3D Minestorm (3-D) (pack-in game)             [8K]
   VT 3633     Narrow Escape (3-D) (same color disk as CC)   [8K]
   VT 3634     Crazy Coaster (3-D) (same color disk as NE)   [8K]
   VT ????     Test Cartridge (issued to repair centers only)[4K]

The following games and accessories were planned but never released:
Cartridges:
   Art Master II
   Art Master III
   Art Master IV
   Basic Science
   Create-A-Game/Maze
   Exploring the Solar System
   Flipout
   Mail Plane
   Pitcher's Duel
   Pole Position (for 3D imager)
   Power Trip
   Sock It
   Tour de France
Accessories:
   Touch-Sensitive Screen
   Computer Adaptor with BASIC (prototypes rumored to exist)
      Computer Keyboard
      Printer
      Disk Driver/Wafer Tape Drive
      Modem
      Computer Software:
         Create Your Own Video Game
         Music Maestro
         Art Program in LOGO
         Basic Science
         Solar System
         Word Processing

================================================================================

Q. What miscellaneous Vectrex items might my collection be missing?

Here is a list of most of the extra stuff that isn't a cart, overlay,
box or regular manual...
Reply-To: woodcock@bnr.ca (Gregg Woodcock)

* Orange 5"x3.75" sheet notifying us of GCE's change of address
* "IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS" addendum to Owner's Manual
 (No. 98722-072).  This listed 17 things you shouldn't do
* Canadian addendum to Onwer's Manual for warranty info (pg 11/12)
* Manual for the Control Panel (Joystick)
* White 5.5"x3" manuals for the Light Pen and 3D Glasses
* White 3"x4" 3D Imager addendum describing how to work the color disk latch
* White 3.5"x4.5" 3D Crazy Coaster addendum telling how to survive underpasses
* White 4"x6" Minestorm addendum (P/N 140028-1) describing wave 13 bug
* White 2.5"x2.5" addendum to the Star Trek manual describing self-play bug
* A catalog of games (same size as regular manuals) from "Triton"
* A catalog of games (same size as regular manuals) called "Passport"
* A 7.5"x3.5" pamphlet listing HW and games called "High Performance Machine"
* Vectrex unit warranty registration card (and Owner's Club form)
* Electronic Games Magazine subscription form (44% off for Vectrex players)
* Custom Designed Accessories for your Vectrex Arcade System order form
  listing a collapsable carrying case ($14.95) and a vinyl dust cover
  ($5.95).
* carrying case for the Vectrex
* protective dust cover for the Vectrex
* Service Manual
* Test Cart
* The first (and only?) issue of the Owner's Club magazine "Passport"

================================================================================

Q. Where is the Vectrex ftp archive and what is there?

The ftp Vectrex information archive is at ftp.csus.edu (130.86.90.1)
and is maintained by John F. Sandhoff <sandhoff@csus.edu>.

There are binary listings (2 flavors; pure binary from the ROMs, and
Motorola "S-format" dumps) for most of the games along with instructions
on how to burn Eproms.  There are several commented examples of code
demonstrating how to write both music and graphics.  There is also a
copy of the service manual and much more.  Almost all of the stuff is
bundled into a compressed file called "vectrex.tar.Z".  There are plenty
of experiments to keep an eager hacker busy.  Recently, some GIF/JPEG
files were added showing some of the screen overlays (there are also
GIFs of the 2 color wheels).  Also, text files of the manuals for most,
if not all, of the games are there.

David Wright <davewt@NCoast.ORG> will be putting the vectrex stuff up
his email server.  If you don't have FTP access, this may work for you.
If you want to try and get at it, the email server is at
"impinfo@Prism1.COM".  If your site doesn't like that, try
"prism1!impinfo@NCoast.ORG".  To receive a list of the files available
place "send vect.index" in the message body.  You can also add "send
help" to get a complete set of instructions.  Be aware that some of
these files are huge and may push you over your mailbox or disk space
quota immediately.

================================================================================

Q. Isn't copying the games by burning EPROMs stealing or violating a
copyright?

If the system is "dead" then no money is lost by making copies of
something which otherwise would never be available.  Even so, it is a
fuzzy matter and technically the answer should probably be, "YES."
Fortunately, Smith Engineering has given Usenetters permission to make
copies of all Vectrex related materials (manuals, games, overlays, etc.)
as long as it is for distribution to members of the group and as long as
it is not for profit.

================================================================================

Q.  I ordered a multi-cart from Mark Woodward well over a year ago and
paid him in advance.  I am having trouble getting hold of him and I
still haven't received my cart.  Did I get ripped off?

Here is everything I know.  The multi-carts came back from the
fabricator shortly after everybody got their orders in and Mark built
them and started sending them out.  It turns out that there are 2
different hardware designs for the Vectrex and Mark had the less
common version.  Unfortunately this first multi-cart design is
incompatible with the most common version of the Vectrex hardware and
most of the multi-carts had to be sent back to Mark for repair (and he
stopped sending the originals out, also).  Mark then had to do several
expensive and time consuming things; he had to locate and purchase one
of the other versions of the Vectrex, he had to redesign the PCB and
find a way to make the new design backward compatible with the old
design so that he could reuse the PCBs, he had to rewrite the software
which meant he had to unsolder the EPROMs (since they weren't
socketed) and erase them, reprogram them, and solder them back on.  He
then has to upgrade the PCB by cutting several traces and soldering on
several jumpers.

As you can see, fixing all these PCBs takes a LONG time and a lot of
effort (and money since he has to pay double-shipping for all the carts
that did go out).  To complicate matters, Mark changed email addresses
(and jobs?), and was blessed with the birth of a new baby creating a
large drain on his "free" time.  I am not excusing his tardiness and I
agree that even considering these circumstances the delay is still too
long to excuse.  I am just trying to give you all some background as to
how a good idea went very wrong.  I talked to Mark sometime around the
beginning of September and he told me that as of that date alm
international orders had been filled and that there were exactly 15 USA
orders left to be retrofitted.

I offered to do the retrofits for him and he agreed to send the
materials to me.  He decided to send the stuff to be fixed immediately
and it arrived sometime around Halloween and I have been working on them
ever since.  I have completed all repairs several times only to have a
couple of other neccessary repairs creep up.  I just recently (beginning
of December) got MOST of the carts working (all of the 15 except 3) and
will be mailing them out to people the 1st week in December.  After I
get them all working, I will post a list of the people who are on the
list to get them and you can take it up with Mark from there.  At that
point we should be able to acount for everyone who sent in money and
those of you that did that aren't on my list or haven't received your
cartridge have a legitimate complaint.

================================================================================

Q.  Do I have to make my own multi-cart; can't I just buy one from
somebody?

No; I mean, Yes, err...  There are at least 5 people making multi-carts
for resale on the net but the best ones (by far) are being made by Mark
Woodward <woodward@Newbridge.com>.  If you do not have email, you can
reach him by phone at 613/591-3600 during the day time (EDT zone)..  A
person with the initials SK is also making them but since he has never
answered my email and has not given me permission to distribute contact
information for him, I cannot include it in the FAQ.

Mark is making multi-carts which don't require an old cart to be
cannibalized since he is getting PCBs made up for the job.  His carts
allow you to select the games via a menu on the Vectrex screen instead
of by flipping dip switches as all the others do.  The carts support the
RAM for Animaction and include a 'pause' button allowing you to pause
any of the games (my idea; thank you :).  They contain all the released
games plus the Test Cart and 2 hacked versions of Minestorm (infinite
lives and more shots).

The price breakdown is as follows...
$30 PCB + S/W selection
$20 EPROM (unless you can send me one)
$5  RAM (Optional)

If he builds it for you then there is $5 charge for miscellaneous parts
and you are obligated donate $10 to a local charity to cover his time.
This is in the spirit of the Smith Engineering agreement for
'not-for-profit' duplication.  The only 'profit' he get is from the s/w
selection code which he deserves and is entitled to because he wrote
(owns) it.  The games have been generously donated by Smith Engineering
and the parts are sold at cost (with a little to cover shipping).

To 1 complete, ready-to-play multicart costs $60.

The PCBs are made at a professional manufacturer and include plated
through holes, etc.  No hack and slash job here :>

If you want to build it yourself he can provide you with the PCB, a
programmed EPROM (or disk if you can blast your own) and a parts list.

At this point, Mark is not planning on doing a second batch after the
fiasco of the first batch.  If he does not change his minde, I will
probably take the project on myself.  This FAQ will be updated as the
situation changes.

================================================================================

Q. How do I play <game X>?

Simple, read the manual.  WHAT; you don't have a manual?  OK then, read
the screen overlay (it lists the functions of all the buttons).  You
don't have the screen overlay either?  In that case most (maybe all by
now) of the manuals have been transcribed into text files and made
available via ftp.  YOU DON'T HAVE FTP EITHER?  OK, I'll tell you what;
in the spirit of Smith Engineering's generosity, I will volunteer my
services as Vectrex copy shop.

I have all of the overlays and manuals (as well as some extra stuff like
the service manual, "Passport" magazine, the "Triton" and "Passport"
catalog pamphlets, and the "High Performance Machine" pamphlet) and am
willing to make copies for free to anybody that is willing to play by my
"rules".

You must send a Self-Addressed, Stamped Envelope (SASE) along with a
listing of everything that you want photocopies of (black and white
copies only; if you want color overlay copies, send $2.50 for each one
since color copies cost $$$).  You will receive double sided copies
unless you specifically request single sided ones.

I will fill the orders only about once a month so don't hold your breath
for a quick return.  Please note that these will not be replicas in any
particular sense.  I will be copying them as you would a book (I WILL
NOT REMOVE THE STAPLES TO REPLICATE THE SHEETS TO FACILITATE MAKING
EXACT DUPLICATES).  If you want exact duplicates, you will need to
modify the copies I send you (I am trying to keep my effort to a
minimum).

If I need to fold something to fit it in your SASE, then I will, so keep
that in mind if you want unfolded stuff.  The amount of postage is left
up to you to figure out; I am just going to copy, stuff, and send; I
will not verify sufficient postage.  Tips are appreciated (particularly
if you are asking for a *lot* of copying) but not neccesary nor
required; this is a free service.

Send SASE to:
   Gregg Woodcock
   2930 Dukeswood Drive
   Garland, TX 75040-8770
   U.S.A

P.S.  If you take advantage of either of these services, it would be
nice if you would "pay the community back" by transcribing at least one
document that is not currently at the ftp site and uploading it (or
emailing it to me and I will get it there).  I am pretty sure none of
the "extra" stuff I have has been transcribed yet.

P.P.S.  If you have an original service manual, please contact me so I
can get an copy of it (or buy it from you).  The copy I have is Nth
generation and is very hard to read...

================================================================================

Q. How can I make a copy of a screen overlay?

With the advances made in the past 2 years in color scanners, copiers
and priners, it is now possible to make a near exact duplicate with the
push of a (few) button(s).

0.  First you need an original overlay, prefereably one with little fading.
1.  If you want a "rough" copy, simply get a good high end color
    photocopy onto acetate (those overhead projector plastic sheets).
2.  If you want a better copy, you scan the image, preferably in color.
    I think 150 dpi is okay though some people may want to go for
    maximum resolution.
3.  Then you need a good paint program, I used Adobe Photoshop to do some
    preliminary clean-up work, but I have a feeling it would take quite
    a bit of work to make a perfect overlay.
4.  Prining--the critical part.  You need a color printer that can do
    acetate (animation cel) printouts.  Unfortunately, no color printer
    can work on thick sheets, which brings us to 5.
5.  You need go to to a hobby shop and get a piece of .045 thick clear
    sheet of [poly]styrene.  Its prtty cheap.
6.  The only part I haven't worked out, bonding the acetate overlay to
    the styrene.  It is probable that there are some mucho expensive
    color printers that professional print shops use that can print onto
    any thickness sheets but I haven't done much looking.

Thanks to Noel <NOEL@UMBC2.UMBC.edu> for this info.

================================================================================

Q. My Vectrex is very noisy; is there anything I can do to make it any
quieter?

Here is what Daniel A Muntz <dmuntz@quip.eecs.umich.edu> said helped
him:  The noise isn't digital in nature and it closely follows the
video.  It also isn't a power supply problem; isolating the audio input
of the amplifier from the sound circuit revealed no noise at all.  It
seems the noise is generated in two ways:

1: By induction; Moving the audio cable around makes the noise less or
   more prominent.  It is at minimum when the cable is placed in its
   original manufactured groove.  Good design since that's farthest from
   the CRT yoke.
2: By ground impedance; Although all supplies are clean the hum is still
   present in the modulated dc difference between the two boards.

A definite improvement can be achieved by doing the following:

1: Rewiring the ground between the digital and video board.
2: Shielding audio circuit and changing cable to volume pot to a better
   shielded one.

================================================================================

Q. My joystick wont auto-center anymore; can I fix it?
   (A.K.A. How do I get inside or open up my joystick?)

You can't make it "good-as-new", but you can repair it so that is is
usable again.  You must first get past the sticker on the top of the
joystick to get at the 5 screws that hold it together (4 are about 3/8"
in from the sides and 1/2" from the top/bottom ahd the last is about
1/2" tot hte right of the cable).  Just feel around and you should be
able to find where the holes are.  You can either try to peel off the
sticker (difficult to do without damaging it but possible if you are
careful) or simply punch 5 holes in it so you can remove the screws
(leaving most of the sticker intact).  Now that you have the joystick
open, remove the broken spring that used to center the joystick.  Use
the core from the largest available guitar string to replace the spring
you just removed.  If you snip off one end you can remove the (usually
gold) wire wrapped around a core wire by pulling on the gold wire.
Credit goes to Dan Muntz once again for this clever solution and to Mike
Packard <lordgen@kaiwan.com> for details about the screws.

================================================================================

Q. Are there tricks or cheats for any Vectrex games?

YES! (Vectrex had cheats back when they were still known as bugs):

ARMOR ATTACK:  If you crank the brightness all the way up, you are able
to see the helicopter's position as soon as you hear it (even thought it
is off the screen).

BEDLAM:  You can see a special author title screen that proclaims,
"PROGRAMMED BY WILLIAM HAWKINS GT 1982" if you follow the instructions
found in the "STAR CASTLE" entry below.  I discovered this by trying the
"original" Star Castle trick on other games that I knew Bill wrote.
This screen is different from all the similar ones in that it plays
music too!  You are treated to the melody line that accompanies the
lyrics "Oh I wish I was from the land of cotton".  The screen ends when
the tune finishes and releasing buttons has no effect.

BERZERK:  The hunt for this egg began thanks to Pete Rittwage
<bushwick@netcom.com> who first reported it but could not reproduce it.
Even after confirming the trick with Chris King, the author of the game,
nobody was able to find it because Chris had forgotten exactly what was
required to activate it!  Then along came net.hero Fred Taft
<fred@hpcvusc.cv.hp.com> with the answer after disassembling the object
code.  Before your man stops flashing when you kill your last man, press
and hold down only the 1, 3, and 4 buttons on the player 1 control
panel.  When the "GOT YOU HUMANOID" summary screen appears with your
socre, there will be the author's initials in the lower right corner
("CMK").  This screen will stay for about 90 seconds before going back
to the game select screen and you cannot get out of it by pressing
buttons.

BLITZ!:  If you get a 1st and inches (1 and 0 to go), as long as you
stay on the 0 yd line, you keep getting first downs.  Thanks to Adam Fox
<adamfox@super.org> for this one.

COSMIC CHASM:  You can see a special author title screen that proclaims,
"PROGRAMMED BY WILLIAM HAWKINS GT 1982" if you follow the instructions
found in the "STAR CASTLE" entry below.  I discovered this by trying the
"original" Star Castle trick on other games that I knew Bill wrote.

FORTRESS OF NARZOD:  If you can somehow manage to kill the "Mystic
Hurler" (you know, the BossAtTheEndOfTheWave guy that looks like a
gorilla) at the same time he kills you, your lives remaining will turn
into the infinity sign (oo) and you will have 255 lives.  It is not
known for sure if your lives in reserve value has to be zero for this to
work (probably so since this bug is most likely due to an accidental
underflow from 0 to -1 which assumably would trigger the software to be
in virtual infinite play mode to aid play/beta testing).  The author
takes credit for this one!

MINESTORM:  The brightness trick allows you to see the "invisible"
mines.

RIPOFF:  You can see a special author title screen that proclaims,
"PROGRAMMED BY WILLIAM HAWKINS GT 1982" if you follow the instructions
found in the "STAR CASTLE" entry below.  I discovered this by trying the
"original" Star Castle trick on other games that I knew Bill wrote.

SPACE WARS:  Either ship is invincible after being hit, while pieces are
in the air.  This may not sound like much, or maybe this was
intentional, but I've played against people who make this their entire
strategy.  They skim the edge of the Star in the middle, just to knock
off a tail section or something, and then while they are invincible,
they fly right into you.  Not nice, but it works very well.  The time
window is surprisingly long.

SCRAMBLE:  A quote from Paul Allen Newell, developer of the game:  I
remember going thru long discussions with management about giving the
programmers credit on the games.  Western Technologies and/or GCE didn't
approve it and most of the programmers hide their names somewhere in the
games.  My "Easter Egg" can be located in "Scramble" by doing the
following.  If you have two controllers with joystick and buttons, put
them both in; otherwise, use the single one in the usual position.
While "Scramble" is displaying its "game # player #" section, move the
joystick so it is "down".  When "Scramble" starts, keep it in this down
position so your plane crashes on the floor BEFORE THE MOUNTAINS START.
Do this for all you ships, DO NOT PUSH ANY BUTTONS TO FIRE BOMBS OR
BULLETS.  When it is over, the display "end" will come up.  WITHOUT
TOUCHING ANY BUTTONS, unplug the main controller and move it to the
"player two" plug (if you have two controllers, this step is not
necessary).  Then, with the "player two" controller, PUSH ALL FOUR
BUTTONS SIMULTANEOUSLY.  They must all go down at the same time.  Repeat
until you get all four down at the same time.  You'll know when you see
the word "end" change into something else.  This is the first time I
have documented the method, having only mentioned it to friends or
hinted to others.  Enjoy!  (Thanks a LOT to Stefan Herr
<Steve@lioness.okapi.sub.org> for digging up this one-of-a-kind jem).

SPIKE:  If you position the door ALMOST all the way to the right of the
screen, then jump into it, so as to be jammed between the door, and the
little space that is left; the game freaks out, you will be pushed
forward about 47,000 points, and the difficulty will be increased
proportionally.

STAR CASTLE:  This is the most extravagant egg of all the Vectrex games.
The designer put in his own title screen which brazenly proclaims
"PROGRAMMED BY WILLIAM HAWKINS GT 1983".  A quick caveat; this only
works on a cold restart (i.e. the first time you turn the game on) and
will not work if you start the game over by pressing the reset button.
However, it will work with the software selectable muticarts if Star
Castle is the first game you select after turning the game on.  To get
the screen to appear you must push the 1, 2, and 4 keys on the player 1
control panel before the Star Castle title screen music finishes
playing.  If those 3 buttons are down when tune ends, the author title
screen will appear.  It will last for about 2 seconds or until you
release one of the buttons.  It is my guess that the GT stands for
Georgia Tech and the 1983 is the year the software was written.  (MANY
thanks to Fred Taft <fred@hpcvusc.cv.hp.com> for discovering this after
disassembling the object code).

WEB WARS:  You can see a special author title screen that proclaims,
"PROGRAMMED BY WILLIAM HAWKINS DUNCAN MUIRHEAD PATRICK KING GT 1983" if
you follow the instructions found in the "STAR CASTLE" entry above.  I
discovered this by trying the "original" Star Castle trick on other
games that I knew Bill wrote.  This screen is different from all the
similar ones in that the font size is about 3 times as big.

================================================================================

Q. What is the history of the Vectrex?

A.  Thanks a lot to Stefan Herr <steve@lioness.okapi.sub.org> for the
following information he dug up while researching an article for a
European gaming magazine.  If you have any additions or corrections,
please contact both of us.  Thanks also to Chris King who sent me
personal email to fill some gaps.

VECTREX TIMETABLE
-----------------

End 1980/Spring 1981:  The development of Vectrex starts with an idea by
Jay Smith, head of Western Technologies/Smith Engineering, and his
talented staff for a small, vector scan table top game they call "Mini
Arcade".  It is possible that the real inspiration for the product may
have actually come from Gerry Karr and/or John Ross.

Spring 1981:  The Vectrex idea is optioned to Kenner (known for their
"Star Wars", "Care Bears", "Batman" and "Batman Returns" figures).
Vectrex planned to have a 5" black and white tube.

06/1981:  Paul A. Newell is hired by Western Technologies to join the
"Atari reverse engineering project" group (aim:  be able to write games
for the VCS 2600) which at that point consisted of Mark Indictor and
John Hall.

07/1981:  Kenner declines to pursue the Vectrex.

08 or 09/1981:  The Vectrex concept is licensed by GCE (General Consumer
Electronics).  GCE's president Ed Krakauer had the vision to see the
great potential of the system.  To enhance its appeal, GCE asks that the
screen be increased to 9-inches.

Autumn 1981:  The Atari project is cancelled and the three Atari people
(M.I., P.N., J.H.)  start work on the Vectrex project.  John Ross
designs the hardware, Gerry Karr works together with John Hall on the
system ROM (called "The Executive").  In the beginning it is planned to
use a 6502 processor which turns out to be too slow.  For this reason
the 6809 is used finally.

Jan 1982:  Bill Hawkins and Chris King join the Western Tech.  They were
both students at Georgia Tech at the time and are hired by Ed Smith as
"Cooperative Education" students.  They are supposed to work for three
months and then go back to school.  Duncan Muirhead joins a week or two
afterwards.  He had just dropped out of a Physics PHD program at UCLA.

??:  A strict timetable demands that the first 12 games and the hardware
should be ready in June 1982.

??:  John Hall later exclusively works on "Mine Storm" while Gerry Karr
works on The Executive alone.  Gerry starts over from scratch and
changes the name to the RUM (Run Time Monitor).  In the end, a number of
people contribe to the RUM, most notably Duncan Muirhead who handled
most of the heavy trig stuff.

04/1982:  Paul Newell finishes "Scramble".  Mine Storm, Bezerk, Scamble,
Rip Off, and Star Trek were all completed at the same time.

06/1982:  The Vectrex is introduced to the public on the Summer-CES in
Chicago.

Summer 1982:  Mark Indictor, John Hall and others are directly hired by
GCE to write more games.  Paul Newell and Duncan Muirhead leave Western
Technologies to join Simutrek, a company developing arcade laser disc
games ("Cube Quest").  Chris King leaves 6 months later.  Noah Anglin
(former vice president of Atari) was hired by GCE as a consultant to
watch over the development of Vectrex.  It was a good deal for him since
he recruited the core of the software guys for his new company,
Simutrek, from Western Technologies.  Unfortunatly, this wasn't enough.
Simutrek died on the vine.

??:  Mark Indictor and his family move about two hours out of Los
Angeles and he writes games in the seclusion of a pine forest at 5,000
ft.  He even has an NBC news crew come up and interview him for a news
show on weird computer hackers and their life styles.

Late summer 82:  Start of mass production.

11/1982:  Vectrex is available in the USA for $199.  Very positive
reviews in the magazines.  Paul Newell's "Scramble" gets the "Arcade
Award" of the "Electronic Games" magazine for the best "Mini-Arcade
game" (a category which is founded exclusively for the Vectrex).

Spring 1983:  GCE is acquired by Milton Bradley (MB).

03/1983:  Vectrex is announced in the German "Telematch" magazine for
the first time in Germany.

Summer 1983:  Distribution begins in Germany and many other west
European countries by Milton BradleyB (German office located in Fuerth).

1983:  Several efforts fail in developing a color Vectrex.  One obvious
project is to use a color TV tube; however, this is always too
expensive.  Another is to use a projection TV with three vector scan
tubes.  It works well but is commercially impractical.  Yet another
effort is to use two layers of color phosphor on a black and white type
TV tube.  By varying the high voltage level, the electron beam would
excite the bottom layer or the top layer.  However the high voltage
cannot be changed rapidly enough to keep up with the scan.

02/1984:  "Artmaster Lightpen", "Star Castle", "Polar Rescue",
"Animaction" and "Pole Position" presented on the "Nuernberger
Spielwarenmesse" (Germany's most important show for the toy industry).

around 02/84:  3D-Imager is presented at the Winter-CES in Las Vegas.

31/03/1984:  End of Vectrex in Germany:  MB in Fuerth announces stop of
sales on this date.

Rest of 1984:  Vectrex is phased out as Hasbro buys Milton Bradley and
video game fever comes crashing down (probable reason:  home computer
fever).  Rummage sales in Germany (mainly in stores of the METRO-chain,
which had bought the rest of MB's stock) close out Vectrex equipment at
bargain prices.

1988:  Western Technologie/Smith Enginerring tries to resurrect Vectrex
as a handheld unit.  It is to be based on the Sinclair flat TV tube,
which has fast static deflection at low power consumption and low cost.
However, the impending introduction of GameBoy causes the idea to be
scrapped.

10/1993:  A feature about the 10th anniversary of the Vectrex is
published in the German "Video Games" magazine.  Contains technical
descriptions, pictures of Jay Smith and Mark Indictor, a Vectrex history
and a list of games and accessories.  The article is based on
information collected by the author (Stefan Herr) from the Usenet
Vectrex newsgroup, various FTP archives, many emails from several former
Vectrex developers and a historical overiew about the development by Jay
Smith.

There are not very many evidences of the existance of a computer
keyboard with a BASIC cartridge (or something similar) for the Vectrex.
The only known hints are from an article in an old issue of "Creative
Computing" magazine (in the first couple of pages they do a ranking of
computers' speed based on some simple benchmark.  There is an entry for
the vectrex in it using Vectrex basic) and an article about new
computers starting on page 114 of the October, 1983 issue of Popular
Science (A chart in the article indicates that the keyboard was to
include 16K of RAM, expandable to 64K.  The article goes in to great
detail about the computer add-on.  Thanks to Joshua See who is
unfortunately disconnected from the Internet.)

It is the issue that reviewed the original Macintosh (1984?).


LIST OF PERSONS INVOLVED IN THE VECTREX DEVELOPMENT
---------------------------------------------------

Jeff Corseglia
   Main game desginer (titles unknown)

John Hall (*)
   Worked on The Executive 
   Author of Mine Storm

Bill Hawkins
   Author of Bedlam
   Author of Cosmic Chasm
   Author of Rip Off
   Author of Star Castle
   Author (with 2 others) of Web Wars

Mark Indictor (*)
   First duties during development:
      Software for communication with the ICE (In-Circuit-Emulator)
      Star Trek
   Games:
      for Western Technologies:
         Star Trek
      for GCE
         Spinball
         Polar Rescue
         Mail Plane (not published, for use with Lightpen)
         Tour de France (not published)

Gerry Karr
   Took over The Executive project after John Hall concentrated on Mine
   Storm

Chris King
   Author of Berzerk
   Author of Hyperchase

Patrick King (related to Chris?)
   Author (with 2 others) of Web Wars

Ronald J. Logsdon
   Author of Melody Master

Kim Martin
   Digitized the Scramble landscapes
   Beta-tester (mainly for Scramble)

Richard "the mouse" Moskowski
   Programmed games (titles unkonwn)
   Designed game watches prior to Vectrex

Duncan Muirhead
   Joined WT at the end of 1981 (or beginning of 1982)
   Author of Armor...Attack
   Author (with 2 others) of Web Wars

Walter Nakano
   Model builder; co-designed the external case 1-2 years before the
   Macintosh!

Paul Allen Newell (*)
   Sole author of Scramble

Gary Niles
   Executive Officer of some kind

Mike Purvis
   "Hardware Tech" (responsibilities unknown)

John Ross
   Developer of the hardware

Tom Sloper
   Main game desginer (titles unknown)
   Went on to work high up at Activision but has left for now.

Ed Smith (Jay's brother)
   Manager of enginerring during early development
   Before Vectrex, he worked at Harris in Orlando and frequently used GA
   Tech Co-ops
   Hired a bunch of ex-Harris guys to work at a new Wester Technologies
   branch office in Orlando where a number of games were written

Jay Smith
   Founder and president of Western Technologies/Smith Engineering

Colin Vowels
   Model builder; co-designed the external case 1-2 years before the
   Macintosh.

(*):  These persons worked on the "Atari reverse engineering" project.
Only one of the three games that were created by that group was released
(the one written by Paul Newell).  Anyway, the whole project was
cancelled later because the competition (e.g. Activision) was too big.

Other people involved (this list does not claim to be complete) were
David Blair, Alan Cobb, Jeff Corsiglia, Ed Faris, Joel Hassell, Don
Herndon, Ed Horton, Bill Hudson, Kevin Hudson, Nolan Johnson, Steve
Marking, Lori Pearsall, and Bob Rutowski.

Sources:  Electronic mails from Mark Indictor, Paul Newell, Chris King,
Ronald J. Logsdon, personal letter from Jay Smith, several articles
from "Electronic Games" magazine (provided by Paul Newell), article from
"Creative Computing" magazine (provided by Dion Dock).

================================================================================
Send corrections, suggestions, additions, ect. to woodcock@bnr.ca

--
THANX...Gregg   day 214.684.7380  night UNLIST/PUBL   TEXAS NOT CANADA!
woodcock@bnr.ca  or  woodcock@nt.com  or  bn202@cleveland.freenet.edu
*CLASSIC VIDEOGAME COLLECTOR BUY/SELL/TRADE NON-COMPUTER (ARCADE/HOME)*
"If you quote me on this I'll have to deny it; I won't remember because
I have such a bad memory.  Not only that, but my memory is *terrible*."

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From: btomlin@crl.com (Bruce Tomlin)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Battlezone, Star Wars, Omega Race (was Re: Vectrex
Date: 1 Feb 1995 13:14:41 -0800
Organization: San Antonio, TX
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Glenn Saunders (krishna@primenet.com) wrote in rec.games.vectrex:
>The mortal Shawn Scallen wrote:
>I'd gladly learn 6809 assembly and write Star Raiders for the Vectrex if 
>I had enough time.

It's THE best 8-bit CPU there is.  It's a dream to write code for.  I
once wrote an Infocom interpreter for it just for the hell of it (a
Vectrex Zork could be made in a 128k bank selected ROM if you had text
display routines), and a Forth inner loop is 2 instructions, one to fetch
and one to execute. 

>If there any C cross compilers, that might actually work too, since even 
>with code bloat, you've got 32K to work with.

If you get a TRS-80 Color Computer and OS/9, there's a C compiler for 
that.  A 64k machine would do it if you didn't mind using floppy disks.

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From: btomlin@crl.com (Bruce Tomlin)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Battlezone, Star Wars, Omega Race (was Re: Vectrex
Date: 1 Feb 1995 13:34:39 -0800
Organization: San Antonio, TX
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Bruce Tomlin (btomlin@crl.com) wrote in rec.games.vectrex:
>Vectrex Zork could be made in a 128k bank selected ROM if you had text

Er.  Scratch that.  It would need a bit more than 1k just for variables 
storage.

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From: krishna@primenet.com (Glenn Saunders)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Vectrex
Date: 1 Feb 1995 20:43:41 GMT
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The mortal Kid wrote:
: Sorry, can't help you find a Vectrex, but as far as Star Wars goes....
: no they never converted the arcade game to their system. Atari had the
: rights and they weren't about to give it up. Battle Zones would have
: been perfect for the Vectrex too, but once again Atari held the rights.
: It you find a Vectrex, try and get Armor Attack also. That was a near
: perfect conversion of the original arcade game. Hope this helps.

It COULD have happened, though.  After all, they licensed Pole Position.



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From: krishna@primenet.com (Glenn Saunders)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Battlezone, Star Wars, Omega Race (was Re: Vectrex
Date: 1 Feb 1995 20:48:10 GMT
Organization: Primenet
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The mortal Shawn Scallen wrote:

: but couldn't an intrepid programmer with too much time on their hands
: write new games for Vectrex along the lines of Star Wars or Omega Race or
: other vector graphix arcade games? or would it take too much effort or
: infringe copyrights?!?!

I think the problem is that none of us have enough time for programming, 
and most of the younger hackers with more time on their hands don't find 
the Vectrex interesting.

I'd gladly learn 6809 assembly and write Star Raiders for the Vectrex if 
I had enough time.

If there any C cross compilers, that might actually work too, since even 
with code bloat, you've got 32K to work with.

The sad thing about the Vectrex is that there are a few genres that were
never exploited fully.  Polar Rescue and Pole Position are really the only
successful 3D simulations.  Star Raiders and Battlezone are more than
possible. 



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From: dksong@csupomona.edu
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: .
Date: 1 Feb 95 18:30:29 PST
Organization: California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
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From: jimofoz@aol.com (Jim of oz)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Keyboard/Computer
Date: 2 Feb 1995 00:25:59 -0500
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Has anyone tried to rig up a keyboard to use the computer in the Vectrex.
As I recall, the Creative Computing Benchmark for the system was quite
fast. In fact, I think it was about the fastest "home" computer around. It
would be interesting to see what the lil' devil could do. 

Imagine Visicalc on the Vectrex..........


Jim Kajpust - Personal Freedoms - California

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From: three@presto.Corp.Sun.COM ()
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Battlezone, Star Wars, Omega Race (was
Followup-To: rec.games.vectrex
Date: 2 Feb 1995 22:32:14 GMT
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In article klq@crl10.crl.com, btomlin@crl.com (Bruce Tomlin) writes:
>Bruce Tomlin (btomlin@crl.com) wrote in rec.games.vectrex:
>>Vectrex Zork could be made in a 128k bank selected ROM if you had text
>
>Er.  Scratch that.  It would need a bit more than 1k just for variables 
>storage.

	What about input?  Do Vectrexen have keyboard inputs?  Just curious,
as I've yet to get one of these wonders.

Cheers,

-B


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From: btomlin@crl.com (Bruce Tomlin)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Battlezone, Star Wars, Omega Race (was
Date: 2 Feb 1995 16:00:08 -0800
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three@presto.Corp.Sun.COM wrote in rec.games.vectrex:
>In article klq@crl10.crl.com, btomlin@crl.com (Bruce Tomlin) writes:
>>Bruce Tomlin (btomlin@crl.com) wrote in rec.games.vectrex:
>>>Vectrex Zork could be made in a 128k bank selected ROM if you had text
>>
>>Er.  Scratch that.  It would need a bit more than 1k just for variables 
>>storage.

>	What about input?  Do Vectrexen have keyboard inputs?  Just curious,
>as I've yet to get one of these wonders.

Well, you know how we hackers are... push some buttons, raise the stick, 
that's the high nibble, push some different buttons, lower the stick, 
presto, an 8-bit ASCII character code!  Left and right would be backspace 
and return or something like that.  :)

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From: smtc104@uoft02.utoledo.edu
Subject: Re: Tempest & Rotary Controllers
Message-ID: <D3FJ9w.5G7@utnetw.utoledo.edu>
Lines: 104
Sender: news@utnetw.utoledo.edu (News Manager)
Organization: University of Toledo
Date: Fri, 3 Feb 1995 05:05:53 GMT

    A while back there was a thread on, among other things, porting Tempest 
to the Vectrex. One of the issues raised was on how to obtain a good controller 
for the game. Many people voiced dissatisfaction with the idea of using a 
joystick on a paddle based game. Some proposed using potentiometers, but these 
have a limited turning angle, and are poorly suited to Tempest, which would 
requires an infinite turning angle(there is a better way to say this, I know :[
). I hit upon the idea of modifying an Atari 2600 Driving controller for use 
with a Vectrex Tempest and offered it, but then I lost the disk with the file 
on the conversion. I found it again recently and thus am posting it now. I will 
not be held responsible for anything that happens if this controller is 
assembled and/or used. I advise against doing so since I don't know anything 
about how Vectrex controllers actually work. I'm posting this in hopes that it 
will be given a technical once over by someone who does. BTW, I'm sorry if you 
feel that the document talks down to you. I wrote it to make it as simple as 
possible for *anyone* to built a rotary controller.  
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  HOW TO BUILD A VECTREX ROTARY CONTROLLER  

              Tools and parts needed are a soldering iron, solder,
	 pliers w/wire cutters, a razor, a drill and bit, two SPST
	 momentary button switches, screwdriver, a scrap Atari 2600 
         joystick and a working Atari 2600 Driving controller.
	 
	      Open up the Joystick, remove the cable, and throw out the
	 rest. Cut the solderless lugs off the joystick cable and pitch
	 them too. Open up the Driving controller, being careful not to
	 let the fire button spring out. Remove the knob and use the
	 pliers to gently undo the hex nut and remove the entire
	 controller assembly. Remove the "Driving" sticker. Drill two
	 holes in the bottom half of the Driving controller case. If 
         your buttons are short enough to fit, drill the holes trough 
         the place where the sticker was on the case. Otherwise, drill 
	 them through the sides of the controller. For switches you may 
	 want to consider keyboard switches like the one on the original
	 fire button, but keep in mind they require large, square
	 holes. Remove the wires from the controller assembly and fire
	 button, keeping in mind their colors and positions. Solder on
	 the wire of the same color from the joystick cable. Once you
	 have accomplished this, you will find you have two wires left
	 over. Solder the green wire to the left fire button, and the
	 brown wire to the right. Run the other terminal on the buttons
	 to the black wire. Now install the button and reassemble
	 everything. Be sure to rotate strain relief on the cord so
	 that the case will close securely. Next, trim the plug on the
	 end of the cable with a so it will fit the Vectrex. You now
	 have a Vectrex Rotary Controller, at least in theory. I set 
         out to make a cheap, reproducable rotary controller for the
         Vectrex. I obviously don't have the software to test it, and
         thus don't know whether or not it will actually work with one.
         If the Vectrex cannot accept the simple digital input the 
         controller provides, it may be necessary to include the 
         circuits shown in the joysticks conversions for the Vectrex.   
	 
                              HOW IT WORKS(?):

	      The Controller is a very low resolution digital pulse
	 counter. A digital pulse counter produces pulses at regular
	 intervals when rotated, giving information on the speed and
	 direction of rotation. I believe (but am not absolutly sure)
	 that it produces 22.5 counts per revolution. A similar set up
	 is used in computer mice, printers, robotics, and many devices
	 where the position of something must be determined by a
	 computer. However, most operate at much higher resolutions,
	 sometimes hundereds of counts per revolution. I choose an
	 Atari Driving controller because it provides an easy standard
	 as well as a digital pulse counter with knob in a case. 
	 
	      The Controller will still function like a Driving
	 Controller for your Atari 2600, but it will now lack the
	 tendency to paralyze y-axis movement or cause malfunctions in
	 joystick based games. The two new buttons can be used to move
	 left and right while rotating the controller will cause a
	 joystick controller character to move up, down or do nothing.
	 This makes this controller ideal for the Atari 2600 game Crazy
	 Climber. 
	 
	      Many may wonder why I use an Atari 2600 joystick cable in
	 these plans rather than a nine wire cable with a DB-9 socket
	 on the end, which would allow a third button to be added and
	 make the controller more like to Vectrex joystick. I did this
	 to reduce cost (worn out joysticks are cheap and easily
	 available to anybody who can get a driving controller),
	 simplify construction by allowing people to connect wires
	 using color as a guide, and to contribute to a neater looking
	 end product. Also, given the compactness of the Driving
	 Controller case, I'm not sure where you would put a third
	 button. If you would like to use your own cable and socket
	 anyways I have included a pin diagram for the controller
	 below: 
								       
			       Brown Green Blue
				    \  |  /
				   o * * * *-White
				    o * o *-Orange
				     /
				Black
         Remember to include a strain relief.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                            Sincerely,           
                               _   ____
                              | \_/ /
                              |     \
                            \_/    _/__
                                 Joshua See

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From: btomlin@crl.com (Bruce Tomlin)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Tempest & Rotary Controllers
Date: 3 Feb 1995 07:57:53 -0800
Organization: San Antonio, TX
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smtc104@uoft02.utoledo.edu wrote in rec.games.vectrex:
>	 direction of rotation. I believe (but am not absolutly sure)
>	 that it produces 22.5 counts per revolution. A similar set up

Actually, it's 16 counts per revolution.  The Driving Controllers have 
four pairs of "fingers", and each pair produces four counts.

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From: jnichola@labhp28.cs.utah.edu (jason barkdull)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: forsale
Date: 5 Feb 1995 05:56:04 GMT
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i have an extra Vectrex forsale.
I'm asking $150.  comes with armor attack cartridge.

--

Right now, I'm designing and building a multicart. for my Vectrex
Pretty cool man!

 ________         ________
  - _    \       /    _ -
       ~  \  _  /  ~
 the        @@ \
jaybird   }'}'||\




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From: hanechak@twain.oit.umass.edu (Brian D Hanechak)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Vectrex
Date: 6 Feb 1995 02:53:25 GMT
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: It COULD have happened, though.  After all, they licensed Pole Position.

Did they license Pole Position from Atari or from Namco?  I think Namco 
was the original maker of the game (as well as Final Laps 1-3, Ridge 
Rider 1-2, and so on, and so on.... )



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From: hanechak@twain.oit.umass.edu (Brian D Hanechak)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Battlezone, Star Wars, Omega Race (was Re: Vectrex
Date: 6 Feb 1995 02:56:41 GMT
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: : but couldn't an intrepid programmer with too much time on their hands
: : write new games for Vectrex along the lines of Star Wars or Omega Race or
: : other vector graphix arcade games? or would it take too much effort or
: : infringe copyrights?!?!

: I think the problem is that none of us have enough time for programming, 
: and most of the younger hackers with more time on their hands don't find 
: the Vectrex interesting.

Well, I am younger, I have some time, but I don't think I have enough for 
the huge task for which programmers in the early 80's (when programmers 
REALLY knew how to program, with none of this new-wave object 
oriented....) ... but if anyone gets a development system available, I'd 
probably try my hand at it :)

: If there any C cross compilers, that might actually work too, since even 
: with code bloat, you've got 32K to work with.

: The sad thing about the Vectrex is that there are a few genres that were
: never exploited fully.  Polar Rescue and Pole Position are really the only
: successful 3D simulations.  Star Raiders and Battlezone are more than
: possible. 

Star Trek was kinda 3-d'ish also... A C cross compiler would be awesome, 
but I don't think I could develop it... of course, standard ANSI C is out 
of the question, this would have to be a C language with primitives for 
line drawing, text output at a certain spot, pot reading, button sensing, 
etc...

 - Brian


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From: jnichola@labhp28.cs.utah.edu (jason barkdull)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Battlezone, Star Wars, Omega Race (was Re: Vectrex
Date: 6 Feb 1995 17:44:57 GMT
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Brian D Hanechak (hanechak@twain.oit.umass.edu) wrote:
: Star Trek was kinda 3-d'ish also... A C cross compiler would be awesome, 
: but I don't think I could develop it... of course, standard ANSI C is out 
: of the question, this would have to be a C language with primitives for 
: line drawing, text output at a certain spot, pot reading, button sensing, 
: etc...

:  - Brian

all these primites and much more are already written in the ROM in the vectrex.
all you need to do is set up the data and call the appropriate code.
I believe this code, with comments is in the archive mentioned in the FAQ file
now.


--

Right now, I'm designing and building a multicart. for my Vectrex
Pretty cool man!

 ________         ________
  - _    \       /    _ -
       ~  \  _  /  ~
 the        @@ \
jaybird   }'}'||\




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From: erker@fermi.trlabs.ca (Greg Erker)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Tempest & Rotary Controllers
Date: 7 Feb 1995 14:38:24 GMT
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In article <D3FJ9w.5G7@utnetw.utoledo.edu>, smtc104@uoft02.utoledo.edu wrote:

>
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>                   HOW TO BUILD A VECTREX ROTARY CONTROLLER  
(instructions deleted)

  Back in the old days my brother and I owned a VIC20 computer.  We had
the Omega Race
cartridge for it.  The game used the rotary controllers sold by Commodore which
contained a pot.

  To make the controllers work more like the arcade game, I opened up the
controllers 
and disassembled the pots.  Inside them was a stop that limited the rotation to
270 degrees.  I bent or removed the stop (it was a long time ago).  This let the
pot go all the way around.  There was still a dead spot of 90 degrees, but for
Omega Race it still worked better with the modified controllers.  It was easier
to continue to turn clockwise if that was the way your ship needed to go than to
hit the stop and then have to turn 265 degrees counter clockwise.

By the way if anyone was interested in making an Omega Race game for the
Vectrex,
I would love to buy a copy.  The VIC20 version of the game played almost exactly
like the arcade game even though it looked crude due to the low res non-vector
graphics.  I have been temped to find a VIC20 at a garage sale just so I could
play that game again.

Regards, 
Greg

-- 
Greg Erker,  Research Engineer
Telecommunications Research Laboratories (TRLabs) 
#108, 15 Innovation Blvd.,  Saskatoon, SK, CANADA
Ph: 306-668-8209  Fax: 306-668-1944

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From: SGORDON@american.edu
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Forsale:  Artmaster + Lightpen
Date: 7 Feb 1995 20:31:23 GMT
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I have the Artmaster cartridge with the lightpen for sale.  
I am not certain what the going rate for this package is, so
email offers will be considered.  If you would like more info, drop me 
a line.  

Thanks,
Seth

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From: bfuehring@cctr.umkc.edu
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Anyone interested in Star Trek?
Date: 7 Feb 95 15:39:17 CST
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I came across a copy of Star Trek for the Vectrex this week.  I don't have a
Vectrex, so it is useless to me.  Would anyone be interested in trading for an
atari 2600 cartridge that I don't have.  I would just sell the game if nobody
wants to trade.  I am aware that it is fairly common as far as Vectrex goes,
but if I don't get any offers, then I'll take it to the thrift store with my
other commons.  Thanks....Brett Fuehring


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From: ptd125@delphi.com
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Vectrex Emulator
Date: Tue, 7 Feb 95 19:32:57 -0500
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Okay, Vectrex wizards out there. A friend of mine and I were studying the
code for the Vectrex games and ROMs. Our question : How hard would it be to
wrie a Vectrex emulator on a PC ? Simulating the 6809 would be easy, but how
about the Vectrex itself ?
 
Comments, suggestions ?

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From: chris@idirect.com (chris)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Multicart question
Date: 8 Feb 1995 01:55:12 GMT
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In article <3f6ia4$1lp@crchh327.bnr.ca>, woodcock@bnr.ca (Gregg Woodcock) says:

>I have taken over and am compiling a waiting list for the next run of
>carts (no money; just name/email/phone) and will let everybody know
>after I have found the time and $$ to get started (and after I get the
>new games that should be available soon).

Please add me (chris@idirect.com) to your list. Thank you.


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From: galt@asylum.cs.utah.edu (Greg Alt)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Vectrex Emulator
Date: 9 Feb 1995 02:53:28 GMT
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In article <5y16705.ptd125@delphi.com> ptd125@delphi.com writes:
>Okay, Vectrex wizards out there. A friend of mine and I were studying the
>code for the Vectrex games and ROMs. Our question : How hard would it be to
>wrie a Vectrex emulator on a PC ? Simulating the 6809 would be easy, but how
>about the Vectrex itself ?

The graphics should be easy, but sound would be tricky...  One thing that is
cool is that if it is written in C, it should be very portable (except for
the sound code).  

The tough part would be finding out how the vectrex accesses the display
hardware.  At the lowest level, it needs to set up a list of vectors and
display them.  At a higher level, it probably supports some number of objects
with positions, rotations, and scales.  If you decide to go for it, I'd love
to help out (or at least do a Linux port).

Greg


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From: s2700142@nickel.laurentian.ca (Gilles Melanson (CyanB))
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Sean Kelly *Please Read*
Date: 8 Feb 95 18:29:14 -0500
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Sean, 

I haven't been able to get a response from you by email (possibly because of
a mail server problem).  Try emailing me at this address so we can finish
up what we were discussing.

Regards,
Rob S.


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From: Paul@dotdot.demon.co.uk (Paul Williams)
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Subject: Re: Tempest & Rotary Controllers
References: <D3FJ9w.5G7@utnetw.utoledo.edu> <erker-0702950838140001@mac85.trlabs.ca>
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In article: <erker-0702950838140001@mac85.trlabs.ca>  erker@fermi.trlabs.ca 
(Greg Erker) writes:

> [snip]
> By the way if anyone was interested in making an Omega Race game for the
> Vectrex,
> I would love to buy a copy.  The VIC20 version of the game played almost 
exactly
> like the arcade game even though it looked crude due to the low res 
non-vector
> graphics.  I have been temped to find a VIC20 at a garage sale just so I 
could
> play that game again.
> 
> [snip] 
> 
There is a version of Omega Race for the Commodore Amiga called 
(imaginatively!) Amega Race. It is shareware and was written by 
AD-Soft and Leopold-Soft. 

The title screen refers to internet e-mail ids of
                 MACHREN@kontu.utu.fi   
and              H112706@cc.tut.fi

The game is dated 1990 so these id's may be out of date. 


-- 
Paul Williams
Paul@dotdot.demon.co.uk


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From: ptd125@delphi.com
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Vectrex Emulator
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We dissected one of the games (Star Trek?) about a year ago. The sound is
easy to emulate. The graphics are the hard part. It would be impossible
to write a true Vectrex emulator. The only way I think it can be done
is modify the original code and create new graphics routines.

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From: galt@asylum.cs.utah.edu (Greg Alt)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Vectrex Emulator
Date: 10 Feb 1995 00:21:57 GMT
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In article <B4w5ThQ.ptd125@delphi.com> ptd125@delphi.com writes:
>We dissected one of the games (Star Trek?) about a year ago. The sound is
>easy to emulate. The graphics are the hard part. It would be impossible
>to write a true Vectrex emulator. The only way I think it can be done
>is modify the original code and create new graphics routines.

I'd like to hear more about this...  Why do you think the graphics would
be so difficult?  

Greg

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From: dmuntz@quip.eecs.umich.edu (Dan Muntz)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Vectrex Emulator
Date: 10 Feb 1995 02:28:01 GMT
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In article <3hehtf$en8@camelot.bradley.edu>,
Chuck Cochems <zaphod@camelot.bradley.edu> wrote:
>
>You can't do true vector graphics without a special type of monitor..  
>
>Duh..
>
>Vector graphics has TRUE straight lines in it..

TRUE straight lines are overrated.  Check out Microsoft Arcade--it has decent
renditions of Asteroids and Battlezone, and an excellent Tempest.

  -Dan

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From: phkahler@saturn.acs.oakland.edu (Paul H. Kahler)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Vectrex Emulator
Date: 10 Feb 1995 00:52:38 GMT
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ptd125@delphi.com wrote:
: Okay, Vectrex wizards out there. A friend of mine and I were studying the
: code for the Vectrex games and ROMs. Our question : How hard would it be to
: wrie a Vectrex emulator on a PC ? Simulating the 6809 would be easy, but how
: about the Vectrex itself ?
:  
: Comments, suggestions ?

The 6809 is the easy part, there are probably public domain emulators for it.
The Graphics would be really really really hard, since at the lowest level
they DON'T use endpoint coordinates. The only way to move the beam to an
absolute position is to ZERO the coordinates. All other drawing must be done
by applying voltages (via the DAC) to integrators and waiting (i.e. by using
program execution time) for it to go where you want. Of course if the beam
is on you'll draw something while doing that. To make things worse, the
voltages are first multiplied (analog style) by a third voltage before
they are applied to the integrator, this allows easy object scaling by
simply changing that one value written to the DAC.
  Text seems to be drawn by drawing a series of horizontal lines and
turning the beam on and off multiple times for each line, thus simulating
a normal raster scan. Emulating that would be a neat trick. I suspect this
is similar to how all the dots are drawn in Clean Sweep.

  Ways around the complexity:

  I suspect most or all of the games use ROM routines in the main ROM inside
the unit to draw things, the routines are probably passed endpoints for lines.
You could replace those ROM routines with a graphics library for whatever
machine you're running on. I know there is at least one for drawing text
which seems to use the scaling method I described earlier.
  Replacing the ROM routines and forgetting about hardware emulation is
probably the only practical approach at this time, but that probably
won't work for everything (i.e. clean sweep and maybe others).
  I don't want to do it right now, since I'm knee deep in the Cinematronics
emulator. Yep, since many Vectrex games are ports of arcade games, people
may not care about a Vectrex emulator in a few months since they'll just
run the real thing. Granted a Vectrex emulator could be freely distributed
with games.
  BTW  since I have a vector game running on a PC I can say the single most
important thing is RESOLUTION! 640x480 doesn't cut it, at least not without
anti-aliasing.
 ___   __   _   _  _
|   \ /  \ | | | || |       phkahler@oakland.edu     Engineer/Programmer
|  _/| || || |_| || |__     " What makes someone care so much?
|_|  |_||_| \___/ |____)      for things another man can just ignore. " -S.H.

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From: zaphod@camelot.bradley.edu (Chuck Cochems)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Vectrex Emulator
Date: 9 Feb 1995 20:09:51 -0600
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In <3hebj5$10n@magus.cs.utah.edu> galt@asylum.cs.utah.edu (Greg Alt) writes:

>I'd like to hear more about this...  Why do you think the graphics would
>be so difficult?  

You can't do true vector graphics without a special type of monitor..  

Duh..

Vector graphics has TRUE straight lines in it..

-- 
--------------------------------------------------------------------
		   zaphod@camelot.bradley.edu
     "Out of my force, let go of my mind!"  -- Culture Beat --
--------------------------------------------------------------------

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From: platt@cs.swarthmore.edu (Steve Platt)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Vectrex Emulator
Date: 10 Feb 1995 17:15:57 GMT
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zaphod@camelot.bradley.edu (Chuck Cochems) writes:

>In <3hebj5$10n@magus.cs.utah.edu> galt@asylum.cs.utah.edu (Greg Alt) writes:

>>I'd like to hear more about this...  Why do you think the graphics would
>>be so difficult?  

>You can't do true vector graphics without a special type of monitor..  

>Duh..

>Vector graphics has TRUE straight lines in it..

Keep in mind that although the line may travel continuously, the
endpoints (whether absolute or differential based on integration)
are still established by the digital values fed to the DACs.

-Steve

>-- 
>--------------------------------------------------------------------
>		   zaphod@camelot.bradley.edu
>     "Out of my force, let go of my mind!"  -- Culture Beat --
>--------------------------------------------------------------------

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From: Jeremy CLine
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: RELICS Homepage!!!
Date: 10 Feb 1995 20:40:31 GMT
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Attention classic video game fans!
	Sorry for the hold up on the RELICS fanzine, but I now have a Homepage that I 
am going to devote to the club.  So, if there is anything you would like me to include
on the page, just reply here or E-mail me!  I still need submissions for the fanzine
which will also be included on the Homepage.  If you would like me to include a link to
your Web site, tell me that too!
________________________________________________________________________________________
   __________________
  | ________________ |
  | |              | |   The RELICS FAN CLUB
  | | RELICS       | |                       ___
  | |      FAN     | |                  ____|   |_____          Atari 2600   
  | |        CLUB  | |                 /----|___|----/|         Atari 5200 
  | |              | |                /_____________/ /         Atari 7800
  | |______________| |================|_____________|/          Colecovision
  |__________________|                   \\      \\             Intellevision
	                                  \\      \\            Odyssey 
                                       _   ||    _ ||           Vectrex
    Jeremy Cline                       ||  ||   || ||           & More! 
     Head Honcho                     __||_//  __||_//
                                     |____|   |____|       "@!#?@!"  Q*Bert  1983
  
  HTTP://www-bprc.mps.ohio-state.edu/cgi-bin/hpp/relics.html
				Cool Signature or What???	Copyright 1995 J.Cline	
________________________________________________________________________________________       
                             


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From: ard@p850ug1.demon.co.uk (Tony Duell)
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Subject: Re: Vectrex Emulator
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In article <3hehtf$en8@camelot.bradley.edu>
           zaphod@camelot.bradley.edu "Chuck Cochems" writes:

> In <3hebj5$10n@magus.cs.utah.edu> galt@asylum.cs.utah.edu (Greg Alt) writes:
> 
> >I'd like to hear more about this...  Why do you think the graphics would
> >be so difficult?  
> 
> You can't do true vector graphics without a special type of monitor..  
> 
> Duh..
> 
> Vector graphics has TRUE straight lines in it..

Much as I dislike emulations...

I was going to suggest that it would be quite easy to make a 'clone' of the
Vectrex DAC/analogue circuitry, and link it to a PC printer port (say), and then
link the output to a 'scope, when I realised that ... very few modern-day
hackers own an oscilloscope. I guess I come from a previous generation.

Seriously, though, based on my experience with DEC graphics units, there are
things you can do on a totally software-driven display (like the vectrex) that
are almost impossible to do on other types of display. You can even vary the
rate at which the beam draws the lines to give another type of intensity
modulation. Trying to emulate that on a raster display would decidedly
non-trivial.


>                    zaphod@camelot.bradley.edu

-tony

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From: kjmoorma@acs.ucalgary.ca (Kevin James Moorman)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: MultiCarts!
Date: 10 Feb 1995 15:54:42 -0700
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Hey Gregg Woodcock,
If you're making more multicarts, count me in!!  I waited for
about 6 months for Mark Woodward before he cancelled out... :(
My name is Kevin Moorman, address moorman@enme3.enme.ucalgary.ca,
and phone 403-282-3174.  Write me an e-mail when you're ready to
make 'em, ok??

Thanks very much!!
-Kevin Moorman

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From: ptd125@delphi.com
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Vectrex Emulator
Date: Sat, 11 Feb 95 10:16:40 -0500
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It's been a year since I researched this, but basically a vector graphics
system draws lines based on coordinates. A lot of this is fuzzy since I haven't
pursued it, but you basically need to write a 6809 emulator, then a routine
to simulate vector drawing on a PC.
 
We didn't pursue the project because the Vectrex information available in
the FTP sections is not complete. There are a lot of pieces missing
and we couldn't make any money off a project like this, so we just didn't want
to put the time into it. I got my Sean Kelly multicart and had everything I
wanted anyway.

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From: ptd125@delphi.com
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Vectrex Emulator
Date: Sat, 11 Feb 95 10:19:02 -0500
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Vector lines on a PC are far from impossible. I wrote a Star Castle clone
about a year and a half ago. It came out pretty good, AND it was in color.
 
Microsoft Arcade is the ONLY game that I have installed on my computer. I can
spend hours playing Asteroids.

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From: max@alcyone.darkside.com (Erik Max Francis)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Vectrex Emulator
Message-ID: <DukD1c1w200w@alcyone.darkside.com>
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zaphod@camelot.bradley.edu (Chuck Cochems) writes:

> You can't do true vector graphics without a special type of monitor..  
> 
> Duh..
> 
> Vector graphics has TRUE straight lines in it..

That's why they said a Vectrex emulator, not a new Vectrex.


Erik Max Francis, &tSftDotIotE ...!uuwest!alcyone!max max@alcyone.darkside.com
San Jose, CA ... GIGO, Hg, Omega, Universe, Psi ... ICBM: 37 20 N 121 53 W  _
H.3`S,3,P,3$S,#$Q,C`Q,3,P,3$S,#$Q,3`Q,3,P,C$Q,#(Q.#`-"C`- ftmfbs kmmfa mc2 / \
Omnia quia sunt, lumina sunt.  ("All things that are, are lights.")   -><- \_/

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From: billw@glare.cisco.com (William )
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Vectrex Emulator
Date: 11 Feb 95 21:19:40
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In-reply-to: zaphod@camelot.bradley.edu's message of 9 Feb 1995 20:09:51 -0600

    >I'd like to hear more about this...  Why do you think the graphics would
    >be so difficult?  

    You can't do true vector graphics without a special type of monitor..  

It's easy to simulate vector graphics on a raster display, as long as the
raster graphics engine is rather faster than the vector graphics engine.
Given the vectrex drawing speed, and modern PC graphics, I don't think this
would be much of a problem.  Gee, some of the games I've seen do full raster
image animation at frame rates better than the vectrex...

The code looks like:

	task vectorizer() {
	    while (TRUE) {
		for (all lines in display list)
		    draw(line)
		wait for next vertical retrace (do other tasks!!)
	        clear screen
	    }
	}

I think the sounds would be tough because they were done by an external
sound chip.  But the exact sounds aren't all that important.

Getting the timing right would be pretty tough...

BillW

	

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From: magundi@csd.uwo.ca (John MacDonald)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex,rec.games.video.classic,rec.games.video.marketplace,rec.games.video.arcade,rec.games.video.misc,alt.games.video.classic,misc.forsale.non-computer
Subject: Vectrex and cartridges forsale or trade
Date: 12 Feb 1995 05:48:33 GMT
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Vectrex trade/sale list

Feb. 12 1995




What's here.

A couple of vectrex consoles.
Armor..Attack, Berzerk, Blitz!, Clean Sweep, Cosmic Chasm, Hyperchase,
Rip Off, Scramble, Star Hawk, Star Trek, Spike, Solar Quest,
Space Wars, Web Warp


++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

Vectrex $150

Each Vectrex is in good working condition, and has a good working
joystick, each has a MineStorm manual, overlay, and Vectrex manual

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

Cartridges

Complete ( box, overlay, manual, cartridge )

Berzerk		$12	(ripped flap on box)
Blitz!		$15	New, unused
Cosmic Chasm	$15	New, unused
Cosmic Chasm	$12	very good condition
Rip Off		$35	Excellent
Scramble	$12	New, unused
Star Hawk	$35	very good condition
Spike		$30	tape marks on box.


---------

incomplete

Armor..Attack	$8
Armor..Attack	$9	o
Armor..Attack	$10	om
Berzerk		$8	m
Berzerk		$10	om
Blitz!		$10	m
Blitz!		$8	
Clean Sweep	$8	
Cosmic Chasm	$8	mb
Cosmic Chasm	$6
Hyperchase	$10	om
Hyperchase	$7
Rip Off		$13	m
Scramble	$8	om
Star Trek	$10	om
Star Trek	$8	m
Star Trek	$6		(poor or no label)
Solar Quest	$10	
Space Wars	$15
WebWarp		$18

Cartridge
o = overlay
m = manual
b = box

Notes on Web Warp and Flipper Pinball.
Web Warp cartridge came with Web Warp Overlay, in a Web Wars box and manual
Flipper Pinball came with Flipper Pinball Overlay, in a Spinball box/manual

Standard Canadian/UK release.

Will include photocopy of manuals for cartridges that do not
have manuals.

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

Details, details.

Payment must be made in advance in the form of a Money Order.
US Postal money order is preferred, bank money orders acceptable.
All prices are US dollars.

Shipping

$20 for a Vectrex shipped Canada Post, insured, to anywhere in
the US or Canada.  No extra cost for shipping cartridges with a vectrex.

Cartridges

1-2	$5
3+	$6

All vectrex items will be sent Canada Post insured.
It is not possible to send things COD to the States from Canada.

I will send stuff UPS or FedEx, but the high cost of shipping just
isn't worth while as far as I am concerned.

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++


Trade information


I would prefer trades, but to avoid the auction crap, the first
cash offer for equipment at my asking price will get it.
Offers of trade or less cash than my asking price I will think about.

I am interested in trades of most kinds.
Mostly computer/electronics equipment.
I am not interested in computer games in general, or other video game
systems, especially older systems.

If you are interested in trading please indicate what you want to
trade for what. An approximiate value of the items you are offering
as trades would be greatly appreciated.


Things that I am interested in.

486 Motherboard with CPU
486 CPU
Eprom programmer
Amiga CDTV
SouthWestern Bell Freedom Phone  ( Model FT383 )  
Pentax Super Program camera.
Double-speed ( or faster ) CD-ROM, with sound card or interface.
SCSI or IDE hard drives.
Mac Hardware
	SE/30 Motherboards
	MAC II 68040 accelerator
	1024x768 75Hz Video card NuBus or SE/30
	NuBus Serial Card
	Other Mac toys.	
Simm's.  1Mx8/9  4Mx8/9  100ns or 120ns  72 pin simm's with or without parity 
Other Mac/IBM hardware.
Local-Bus Video card or other Local-Bus cards.

I am currently looking for the following vectrex stuff:

Star Castle	overlay
Heads Up Soccer	everything
Star Ship	everything
Melody Master	box in perfect condition
3D Narrow	box
3D Crazy	manual, box
3D minestorm	manual, box, cart
3D imager	box
Polar Rescue	everything

or any 3D or lightpen stuff.


john macdonald
magundi@uwo.ca
(519) 432-9697 



"For many years Canada has been held an obscure
 place among the countries of the globe.  Our borders
 have been pictured in the abode of perpetual snows,
 and our people as indifferent, easy-going, indolent.
 But change is taking place."

	Charles R. Tuttle. geologist, Our North Land (1885)



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From: ptd125@delphi.com
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Vectrex Emulator
Date: Sun, 12 Feb 95 22:26:03 -0500
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The sounds should be easy. The TI sound chip had 3 music voices and 1 white
noise voice. A simple adlib card has 9 music and 2 noise voices.
 
Again, it's been awhile since I dabbled in this, but if you look at the
code for MIKE's MOLECULES, you can see how simple it is to draw a
shape.
 
I've gotta dig up my files and read this vector stuff again.

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From: mstclair@iac.net (Mike StClair)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Is anyone making Multicarts?
Date: 14 Feb 1995 19:28:52 -0500
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I think the subject says it all.

-- 
------------------------------------------------------------------------
|  Mike St. Clair     |  mstclair@iac.net  | "You want some more, well |
| here's some more!" - Frank Zappa                                     |
------------------------------------------------------------------------

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From: gamma@tiac.net (Kevin Osborn)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: MultiCart Problem: Help!
Date: Wed, 15 Feb 1995 23:08:20
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A year or two ago, I bought a multi cart from someone here (I think his name 
was Mark Woodward or something like that). Unfortunately, after shipping them, 
he discovered that they didn't work on US machines (I think he was from 
Canada). He came up with a fix,and instead of sending it back to him, I 
volunteered to do the jumpers myself. Well, time flies when you are having 
babies, changing jobs, etc. and I finally got around to doing the jumpers.

Problem is, only Polar Hunt comes up. I think there is supposed to be some 
sort of menu, but alas,I have lost my original mail archive from that time 
period. I assume I've messed up the addressing, and instead of starting at the 
bottom of the rom where the menu code is, I'm somewhere in the middle.

If Mark or anyone else with experience of these things is around, please email 
me. Or better yet post here.

If you email please send to both:
gamma@tiac.net Please put my name (Kevin Osborn) in the subject line as it is 
a shared account.
and
kevino@interchange.com ( this is new and a bit spotty.)

Thanks in advance!

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From: adrin@aol.com (Adri N)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Looking for docs on Dark Tower & Space Wars...
Date: 16 Feb 1995 01:05:16 -0500
Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364)
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Hello out there...

I'm looking for the instuctions on Dark Tower...where do I get them? Can
someone e-mail them to me?

And what about instructions for Space Wars? Does anyone have a copy that
they would photocopy for me? Pretty please with a cherry on top? (I'd even
pay money for them.)

Thanks!


XOXOXO...
         Adrian Roberts
...just another orange-haired, navel-pierced, 
   2600-obsessed, 20-something freak in San Francisco
And boy, do I love e-mail!
                          adrin@aol.com

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From: reutter@dakeeper.igd.fhg.de (H.J.-L.Reutter)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: RELICS Homepage!!!
Date: 15 Feb 1995 14:10:28 GMT
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In article <3hgivv$sr1@su1.in.net>, Jeremy CLine writes:
> 				Cool Signature or What???	Copyright 1995 J.Cline	
It might be a cool signature, but some people have to pay for their
newsfeed and would certainly appreciate it if you would listen to the
netiquette and would have a four line sig instead :)
Still cool though :)
Especially the ""@!#?@!"  Q*Bert  1983" 

Ciao,
HJL

-- 
H.J.-L.Reutter,reutter@igd.fhg.de,ZGDV,Wilhelminenstrasse7,Darmstadt,64283
Germany,@home+49(0)6151/318-885,CybrRoach@IRC,hreutte@andy.bgsu.edu(UseAtO
wnRisk),goforthandliveasartthebeatlesfascistbastardsgotohellillusionsthedo
orintosummerbowlinggreenstateuniversitytrekstuffaimeemanngroundsforthought

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From: osiinc@aol.com (OSI Inc)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Vectrex & carts for Sale
Date: 16 Feb 1995 12:15:41 -0500
Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364)
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FOR SALE:

I have the following Vectrex stuff for sale:

1 - Vectrex machine

plus the following carts:

Armor Attack cart w/overlay & manual
Armor Attack cart
Bedlam cart w/overlay & manual
Bedlam cart
Beserk cart w/overlay & manual
Blitz cart
Clean Sweep cart
Cosmic Chasm cart w/overlay & manual
Cosmic Chasm cart
Scramble cart w/overlay & manual
Scramble cart
Solar Quest cart
Star Hawk cart w/overlay & manual
Star Trek cart w/overlay & manual
Star Trek cart
Web Wars cart w/overlay & manual

None of the carts have the original boxes.

If you are interested in any of the above, please make me an offer on
whatever you like,

Thanks,
Gene

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
------
---->   I PAY TOP $$$ FOR PEZ RELATED ITEMS. <----
 ---->  SELL or TRADE ME YOUR DISPENSERS!! <----
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
------

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From: at770@cleveland.Freenet.Edu (Frank W. Wisner)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex,alt.games.video.classic,rec.games.video.classic
Subject: Vectrex controllers wanted
Date: 16 Feb 1995 23:00:58 GMT
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I am looking for joystick controllers for a Vectrex HP3000. They can be
working or non-working, or parts. Please reply with what you have to offer
along with your asking price.

Frank

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From: phkahler@saturn.acs.oakland.edu (Paul H. Kahler)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Vectrex Emulator
Date: 15 Feb 1995 19:58:08 GMT
Organization: Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan, U.S.A.
Lines: 21
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References: <5y16705.ptd125@delphi.com> <3hc038$4lh@magus.cs.utah.edu> <B4w5ThQ.ptd125@delphi.com> <3hebj5$10n@magus.cs.utah.edu>
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Greg Alt (galt@asylum.cs.utah.edu) wrote:
: In article <B4w5ThQ.ptd125@delphi.com> ptd125@delphi.com writes:
: >We dissected one of the games (Star Trek?) about a year ago. The sound is
: >easy to emulate. The graphics are the hard part. It would be impossible
: >to write a true Vectrex emulator. The only way I think it can be done
: >is modify the original code and create new graphics routines.

: I'd like to hear more about this...  Why do you think the graphics would
: be so difficult?

OK, everyone who really wants to know how it works go and read the
documentation in the archive. After you're done reading, I'd be happy
to discuss an idea I have about how the hardware could actually be
emulated on a PC. You'll need to write your OWN 6809 emulator since the
hardware emulation will be intimately tied to it. I still don't think it'd
be worth the effort unless you have previously written a 6809 emulator
that could have the needed additions made.
 ___   __   _   _  _
|   \ /  \ | | | || |       phkahler@oakland.edu     Engineer/Programmer
|  _/| || || |_| || |__     " What makes someone care so much?
|_|  |_||_| \___/ |____)      for things another man can just ignore. " -S.H.

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From: hoffberg@hera.aps.anl.gov (Mike Hoffberg)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Looking for docs on Dark Tower & Space Wars...
Date: 17 Feb 1995 15:03:21 GMT
Organization: Argonne National Laboratory, Chicago Illinois
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In article <3hupus$eq6@newsbf02.news.aol.com> adrin@aol.com (Adri N) writes:
>Hello out there...
>
>I'm looking for the instuctions on Dark Tower...where do I get them? Can
>someone e-mail them to me?

Due to our "New and Improved" "security", our incoming directory is no
longer readable, but if you know the path, you can get to the files...

ftp epics.aps.anl.gov

incoming/DTinstructions/*

The .tif files are tiff conversions of the manual, and the other two
files are text of the instructions.

MIKE
-- 
Michael Hoffberg               /.\ Argonne    ELEC ENGR, 3 yrs exp,
hoffberg@phebos.aps.anl.gov   // \\ National  BSEE (5/92), MSEE (8/95)
mike@anl.gov                 //_O_\\ Lab      Resume and references
Standard Disclaimer Applies /__| |__\         on request

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From: "Donald Korndoerfer (GE)" <korndoer@eng.usf.edu>
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: New To This
Date: Fri, 17 Feb 1995 11:00:55 -0500
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Hello fellow vectrex owners! I didn't realize that there was anybody 
else out there who still had this marvelous device. What with me being a 
Pack Rat in this disposable society in which we live.

Was I ever pleasantly surprised when I accidently found this listing 
while I was working on an assignment for Technical Writing. (I'm an 
over-aged student at the University of South Florida)

So..... Will someone please enlighten me about these multicarts and any 
other juicy bits of information that would be of use to loyal vectrex fan.

I got the impression from the FAQ that this cart had all the games as 
well as a test cart but I find that difficult to comprehend.

By the way, I have Microsoft Arcade as someone else had mentioned (Can't 
remember who, bad with names in my old age) and it does emulate the 
original arcade versions pretty well. Unfortunately, I don't have a sound 
card for my PC so it's kind of boring. Besides, I can only seem to get 
Battlezone and Tempest to work on my Gateway PC (I'm a compu-phobe but 
I'm getting over it. It's either that or get run over by the world)

Anyway you're probably tired of reading this Novella by now so if anyone 
out there could answer my questions I would be extremely grateful.

 
You can either post it here or E-mail me at: korndoer@suntan.eng.usf.edu


I'll be looking forward to hearing from y'all.



                                                          DON           
                                              
                                            
                                           
                                            


                                            
                                                         

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From: woodcock@bnr.ca (Gregg Woodcock)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: MultiCart Problem: Help!
Date: 17 Feb 1995 22:36:15 GMT
Organization: Bell-Northern Research; Richardson, Texas, USA
Lines: 63
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Kevin Osborn (gamma@tiac.net) wrote:
> If you email please send to both:
> gamma@tiac.net Please put my name (Kevin Osborn) in the subject line as it is 
> a shared account.
> and
> kevino@interchange.com ( this is new and a bit spotty.)

First of all, if you need to "fix" your cart, you need to also put new
SW into your EPROM so you need to remove it, erase it, and rewrite it
with a new image.  Email me for the image and I'll send you a uuencoded
copy.

OK, for any of you who bought unfinished multicarts, here is what you
need to do to make sure your cart works right (this also applies to
any of you who received carts which worked and never sent them back to
be "fixed"; if you want your carts to work on any machine, you need to
do these steps).

All references to pin numbers work like this (there will be a notch,
dimple, or both):

 n ........1 + n/2
+-------------+
|             |
 ) <- notch   |
|* <- dimple  |
+-------------+
 1 2 3 ... n/2

perform the following cuts:
ON THE TOP SIDE:
(1) cut the trace off pin 16 of "TIBPAL20L8".
(2) cut the trace between pins 18 and 19 of "TIBPAL20L8"
ON THE BOTTOM SIDE (hold edge connector on left side):
(3) cut the third trace to the right of pin 21 of the EPROM (27c020)
(4) cut the trace off pin 6 of the RAM (6116; may be 6516 which is OK)
(5) cut the trace off pin 3 of the 74LS139

perform the following jumpers (bottom side; edge connector on left side):
(6) connect the top hole of the trace you cut in step (3) to the top
    hole of the trace that is the 2nd trace to its right.
(7) connect the bottom hole of the trace you cut in step (3) to the top
    hole of the trace that was cut in step (4).
(8) connect the hole on the 2nd edge connector pin from the bottom
    (i.e. the next to last pin; the last one with a hole on it) to
    pin 3 of the 74LS139 (step 5).
(9) connect pin 1 of "TIBPAL20L8" to pin 9 on the same IC.
(10)connect pin 6 of "TIBPAL20L8" to pin 13 on the same IC.
(11)connect pin 7 of "TIBPAL20L8" to pin 10 on the same IC.
(12)connect 4th pin from the left of the R3 resistor pack to pin 3 of
    the EPROM (27c020); this was probably already done.

Please also note for those of you that are assembling your bare carts
that the DPST switch "SW1" will need to have pins 1 and 2 swapped in
order to work properly; this was already done for those of you who
ordered finished carts.  The jumpers from the bottom will look like
"IX".
--
THANX...Gregg   day 214.684.7380  night UNLIST/PUBL   TEXAS NOT CANADA!
woodcock@bnr.ca  or  woodcock@nt.com  or  bn202@cleveland.freenet.edu
*CLASSIC VIDEOGAME COLLECTOR BUY/SELL/TRADE NON-COMPUTER (ARCADE/HOME)*
"If you quote me on this I'll have to deny it; I won't remember because
I have such a bad memory.  Not only that, but my memory is *terrible*."

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Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Path: csus.edu!netcom.com!element
From: element@netcom.com (Element)
Subject: 3-D Goggles Wanted
Message-ID: <elementD49Hvr.FsB@netcom.com>
Organization: NETCOM On-line Communication Services (408 261-4700 guest)
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL1]
Date: Sun, 19 Feb 1995 19:23:51 GMT
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Sender: element@netcom18.netcom.com

I am an avid Vectrex fan, and with my recent purchase of a light pen, I 
am near completing my collection except for the 1 prized possession...

3-D Goggles.  


I will pay any price.  Any price.

Email me


Element


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From: ph3057@irix.bris.ac.uk (JAI. Holtom)
Subject: Anyone Got a Vectrex For Sale?
Message-ID: <D49n5L.48A@info.bris.ac.uk>
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Date: Sun, 19 Feb 1995 21:17:45 GMT
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Fairly obvious really, so if anyone wants to dispose of an
unwanted/unloved vectrex I'll offer it a good home...(and you some
money as well)

James

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From: huber@rock.enet.dec.com (Joe Huber)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Joining the ranks of the Vectrexed - a few questions...
Date: 20 Feb 1995 13:55:03 GMT
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Well, after looking for one at a reasonable (read, non-net) price for
a while, I happened upon one this weekend, w/ Star Trek, Berzerk, and
Rip Off, for $45.  Everything -works-, but...

1) There's an annoying audio buzz,

2) The joystick doesn't self center vertically

OK, these two are covered in the FAQ, which I've managed to track down.
But...

Who still sells multi-carts - specifically, multi-carts that include
Dark Tower?  The FAQ isn't clear on this point (since, apparently, the
issue wasn't clear at the time).

Who sells joysticks?

Thanks,

Joe

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From: richard j melick <rmelick@silver.ucs.indiana.edu>
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: multicarts
Date: Sun, 19 Feb 1995 13:49:39 -0500 (EST)
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Does anyone have a multi-cartridge for sale?
How about overlays?

Thanks,
|-------------------------------------------------------------|
|	Rick Melick - 					      |
|  e-mail:  rmelick@silver.ucs.indiana.edu                    |
|     WWW:  http://silver.ucs.indiana.edu/~rmelick/home.html  |
|-------------------------------------------------------------|

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Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
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From: djcatsio@napier.uwaterloo.ca (Demetrios Jim Catsioulis)
Subject: The Joystick
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This is really neat.  I didn't know that there were still people out there that kept this fine piece of entertainment equipment.  

	I need to know where to fingd the FAQ sheet, please.\

Does anyone know where or how to fix the buttons on the joystick.

(It only took Nintendo about 10 years to figure out that you needed at least 4 buttons on a joystick)

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From: wha@netaxs.com (William Ainsworth)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: The Joystick
Date: 20 Feb 1995 21:47:44 GMT
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Demetrios Jim Catsioulis (djcatsio@napier.uwaterloo.ca) wrote:
: This is really neat.  I didn't know that there were still people out there that kept this fine piece of entertainment equipment.  

: 	I need to know where to fingd the FAQ sheet, please.\

The FAQ is reposted to this newsgroup on the first day of each month.
-Bill


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Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Path: csus.edu!netcom.com!boutell
From: boutell@netcom.com (Thomas Boutell)
Subject: Re: Vectrex Emulator
Message-ID: <boutellD4C2Kq.16v@netcom.com>
Organization: Nerdsholm
References: <5y16705.ptd125@delphi.com> <B4w5ThQ.ptd125@delphi.com> <3hebj5$10n@magus.cs.utah.edu> <3hehtf$en8@camelot.bradley.edu>
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Date: Tue, 21 Feb 1995 04:46:02 GMT
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In article <3hehtf$en8@camelot.bradley.edu>,
Chuck Cochems <zaphod@camelot.bradley.edu> wrote:
>In <3hebj5$10n@magus.cs.utah.edu> galt@asylum.cs.utah.edu (Greg Alt) writes:
>
>>I'd like to hear more about this...  Why do you think the graphics would
>>be so difficult?  
>
>You can't do true vector graphics without a special type of monitor..  
>
>Duh..
>
>Vector graphics has TRUE straight lines in it..

"Anything a first year student of something can tell you
is an oversimplification." (Who said that, anyway?)

You can't do true text without a printing press either. Oh,
wait, but you can make a perfectly good approximation out of
dots on a monitor screen.

Same idea. Sure you can't emulate a Vectrex perfectly, but
it's undoubtedly possible to calculate a similar display
and render it to a bitmap device. The interesting question
is whether it can be done in reasonable CPU time.

[Disclaimer: the Atari 2600 isn't even vector-based, but
even so I wound up canning an emulator project when
I discovered my program was a factor of 200 or more
too slow on a 386/40. My code wasn't perfect, but
it wasn't horrible either -- the 2600 video hardware is
just plain whacko, with every cartridge exploiting subtle
"features" of the design. Vectrex emulation might well be just as 
hard or worse.]

To the folks who disassembled one of the games: did you distill
any general guidelines on how to draw lines ("if we do this,
the display responds like so")? Maybe it can be done.

-T
-- 
The ouzo of human kindness.


<URL:http://sunsite.unc.edu/boutell/index.html>

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From: s004cas@alpha.wright.edu (CHRISTOPHE SHAMIS)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Vectrex Emulator
Date: 21 Feb 1995 16:11:13 GMT
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The following article was scribed by Chuck Cochems (zaphod@camelot.bradley.edu):

: You can't do true vector graphics without a special type of monitor..  

: Vector graphics has TRUE straight lines in it..


We all know how complicated drawing straight lines in 1 color would be.  
For Gods sake you could run the thing out of WINDOWS!

The speed isn't the hard part, they have C64 emulators that run at 
true-speed on a Dx2-66, and the vectrex system is'nt anywhere NEAR as 
complicated as a C64.

The problem is: Who has a year to take off work to write the darn thing.

Technical manuals are'nt exectly as availble on the Vec, as they are for 
other systems... Its a daunting project to be sure, but speed of the 
emulation isn't whats holding them back.


-Me


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From: heller@akh104.rh.psu.edu (Andrew K. Heller)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Vectrex Emulator
Date: 21 Feb 1995 19:11:08 GMT
Organization: Penn-State Ghoull Labs
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CHRISTOPHE SHAMIS (s004cas@alpha.wright.edu) wrote:
: The following article was scribed by Chuck Cochems (zaphod@camelot.bradley.edu):

: : You can't do true vector graphics without a special type of monitor..  

: : Vector graphics has TRUE straight lines in it..


: We all know how complicated drawing straight lines in 1 color would be.  
: For Gods sake you could run the thing out of WINDOWS!

: The speed isn't the hard part, they have C64 emulators that run at 
: true-speed on a Dx2-66, and the vectrex system is'nt anywhere NEAR as 
: complicated as a C64.


  I would argue with that.   As it is now, you need a good 486DX40+
to emulate an Atari8bit home computer.  And that is way more complicated
than the C64. (And the code was all written in assembly).   

  Just as the Atari 2600 emulator projects began to be shot down after
learning how difficult it would be, one company Activision managed
to pull off some type of emulator for windows even!  God, how horrible
it must have been to get some power out of that setup!

: The problem is: Who has a year to take off work to write the darn thing.

: Technical manuals are'nt exectly as availble on the Vec, as they are for 
: other systems... Its a daunting project to be sure, but speed of the 
: emulation isn't whats holding them back.


  Speed is holding it back.  Sure, we could make a Vectrex Emulator for
DX50's (66's are just a gimmick) but how many people own that much hardware?

  I think a good beginning to this problem is understanding how the
hardware controls the Vector display, playing around and doing some
test code to make some displays.  Then you need a CPU emulator... then
you can get into the basic graphics coding. and so on...

  Yes, it can be done.


--
Andrew K. Heller - Making the world safe once again.
------------------------------------------------------------------
  Computer Engineering at The Pennsylvania State University
     "The drinking University with a football problem"
                 heller@akh104.rh.psu.edu
------------------------------------------------------------------



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From: ptd125@delphi.com
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Vectrex Emulator
Date: Tue, 21 Feb 95 22:06:32 -0500
Organization: Delphi (info@delphi.com email, 800-695-4005 voice)
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The Atari 2600 video hardware had something to do with updating the graphics
evry single raster line ? I know it was really difficult to write a game
for the actual machine.
 
As for Vectrex, we found several "Shape Tables" in various games. These were
X and Y coordinates, where, when you connected the coords with lines, would
draw a picture of some object. If you have the Vectrex files, examine the
ASM source for MIKE's MOLECULES. All this does is draw 1 thru 9 octagons
on screen and randomly bounce them around. You could scale the size of the
octagons with the controller buttons. The code is basic and well documented.
You can see how the coords of the shape are sent to the routines which
draw the lines. The way I see it, you write code to replace the vector
routines with line drawing routines of your own.
 
I don't think it's as difficult as all seem to think.

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From: ptd125@delphi.com
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Star Castle PC 2/3
Date: Tue, 21 Feb 95 22:22:47 -0500
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[ Section: 1/2  File: pccastle.zip  Encoder: Wincode v1.4 ]

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From: ptd125@delphi.com
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Vectrex Emulator
Date: Tue, 21 Feb 95 22:10:16 -0500
Organization: Delphi (info@delphi.com email, 800-695-4005 voice)
Lines: 7
Distribution: inet
Message-ID: <J46Y0nY.ptd125@delphi.com>
References: <5y16705.ptd125@delphi.com> <3hc038$4lh@magus.cs.utah.edu> <B4w5ThQ.ptd125@delphi.com> <3hebj5$10n@magus.cs.utah.edu> <3hehtf$en8@camelot.bradley.edu> <3id3b1$i3u@mercury.wright.edu> <3iddsc$123i@hearst.cac.psu.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: bos1g.delphi.com
X-To: Andrew K. Heller <heller@akh104.rh.psu.edu>

I'd like to shed some light on this Activision "Emulator".
 
It is NOT an emulator ! Just as Microsoft re-wrote the code to play their
classic games in Microsoft Arcade, so did Activision (well, Activision is
long gone, somebody else owns it now and is using the name) RE-WRITE their
15 classic games which you will see on the PC soon.
 

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From: ptd125@delphi.com
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Joining the ranks of the Vectrexed - a few questions...
Date: Tue, 21 Feb 95 22:13:43 -0500
Organization: Delphi (info@delphi.com email, 800-695-4005 voice)
Lines: 3
Distribution: inet
Message-ID: <J4y5kpX.ptd125@delphi.com>
References: <3ia6vn$hsd@mrnews.mro.dec.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: bos1g.delphi.com
X-To: Joe Huber <huber@rock.enet.dec.com>

I got my multi-cart last year from a fellow named Sean Kelly.
The last known address I had for him was 5789 N. Milwaukee, Chicago, IL
60646. He charged my $65 for the cart. I've been playing it ever since.

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From: ptd125@delphi.com
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Star Castle PC 3/3
Date: Tue, 21 Feb 95 22:26:59 -0500
Organization: Delphi (info@delphi.com email, 800-695-4005 voice)
Lines: 211
Distribution: inet
Message-ID: <B48ak5T.ptd125@delphi.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: bos1g.delphi.com

[ Section: 2/2  File: pccastle.zip  Encoder: Wincode v1.4 ]
 
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M_:0```#%````#````%)%04142$E3+E185`LN22Q2<$XL+LE)50AP5O#++TDM
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M%.<K%.?DE^L`Q1-+U(L1IJ>GEBBDY1<I%!3EIQ<EYN9FYJ4#;>#E"BS-3,Y6
M<$HLSDP&FPH`4$L!`A0`%`````@`$*28'=FDFU[=NP```%4!``H`````````
M```@`````````$-!4U1,12Y%6$502P$"%``4````"`!:E%4>T2FO_:0```#%
M````#``````````!`"`````%O```4D5!1%1(25,N5%A44$L%!@`````"``(`
*<@```-.\````````
`
end
 
[ Section: 2/2  File: pccastle.zip  Encoder: Wincode v1.4 ]
 

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From: ptd125@delphi.com
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Star Castle PC 1/3
Date: Tue, 21 Feb 95 22:29:20 -0500
Organization: Delphi (info@delphi.com email, 800-695-4005 voice)
Lines: 5
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Message-ID: <BY07cDY.ptd125@delphi.com>
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Okay, I've had a few requests for my Star Castle PC clone. Since I can't
afford to upload it to everyone via E-Mail, I'm posting it here. You will
need to download/copy the messages Star Castle PC 2/3 and Star Castle PC 3/3.
Merge the 3/3 file to the end of the 2/3 file and use either UUENCODE or
WINCODE to decode it into PCCASTLE.ZIP.

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From: Triangular Solenoid Bucket <chandler@nethost.multnomah.lib.or.us>
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Seeking Vectrex console/laser idea
Date: Tue, 21 Feb 1995 20:27:23 -0800
Organization: Multnomah County Library
Lines: 15
Distribution: inet
Message-ID: <Pine.SUN.3.91.950221202215.26868F-100000@nethost.multnomah.lib.or.us>
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Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII


If anyone has one for $50 or so, I'd like to get one.  I'm not interested 
in collecting, condition, whatever.  If it's scratched up, needs work, 
whatever -- is fine with me.  I want to PLAY one.  

A ex-roommate of mine had one and I used to enjoy playing asteroids... 

Has anyone converted the output to the x- y- coordinates of a laser?

It would be cool to play a projected version on a wall, etc!  I'd only be 
able to work on this if I *got* one, but I do have some resources for this.


David Chandler  -  chandler@nethost.multnomah.lib.or.us  (503)301-3011


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Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Path: csus.edu!netcom.com!element
From: element@netcom.com (Element)
Subject: Lightpen question:
Message-ID: <elementD4E5Cs.MzI@netcom.com>
Organization: NETCOM On-line Communication Services (408 261-4700 guest)
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL1]
Date: Wed, 22 Feb 1995 07:41:16 GMT
Lines: 9
Sender: element@netcom.netcom.com

I got my lightpen the other day from a fine fellow at a modest price but 
in Melody Master how do you program a tune or does anybody have the 
manual?  I feel like a gonad not being able to figure it out.

Later


Element


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From: btomlin@crl.com (Bruce Tomlin)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Vectrex Emulator
Date: 21 Feb 1995 23:57:16 -0800
Organization: San Antonio, TX
Lines: 11
Distribution: inet
Message-ID: <3ieqos$g9k@crl5.crl.com>
References: <5y16705.ptd125@delphi.com> <3hc038$4lh@magus.cs.utah.edu> <B4w5ThQ.ptd125@delphi.com> <3hebj5$10n@magus.cs.utah.edu> <3hehtf$en8@camelot.bradley.edu> <3id3b1$i3u@mercury.wright.edu> <3iddsc$123i@hearst.cac.psu.edu> <J46Y0nY.ptd125@delphi.com>
Reply-To: btomlin@aol.com
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X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]

ptd125@delphi.com wrote in rec.games.vectrex:
>I'd like to shed some light on this Activision "Emulator".
> 
>It is NOT an emulator ! Just as Microsoft re-wrote the code to play their
>classic games in Microsoft Arcade, so did Activision (well, Activision is
>long gone, somebody else owns it now and is using the name) RE-WRITE their
>15 classic games which you will see on the PC soon.
> 

Tell that to mlivesay@aol.com.  That'll be news to him, since he wrote 
the emulator.

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From: platt@cs.swarthmore.edu (Steve Platt)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Star Castle PC 2/3
Date: 22 Feb 1995 16:52:50 GMT
Organization: Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, PA, USA
Lines: 31
Distribution: inet
Message-ID: <3ifq52$agc@larch.cc.swarthmore.edu>
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ptd125@delphi.com writes:

>[ Section: 1/2  File: pccastle.zip  Encoder: Wincode v1.4 ]
>Original Input File Size: 48475
> 
>begin 644 pccastle.zip
>M4$L#!!0````(`!"DF!W9I)M>W;L```!5`0`*````0T%35$Q%+D581>R\"UQ3

[big snip]

>MJ/.R^)RN\PHEZW271R_)<"Y:5!4>W+VIPQ@Z_S:L-)X)-8JA\N*BXZZ3D9A9
>M+TGH148Y%VW1FV),<M>Z'OJ"`B8=XQ0:C:/GQQ5(Z=X8'Y>6.K_C"!Z-^&
>MLK.[6Y;2S?U!JR7',2=:A99PT;X,AO:$%R+`0Q)GS>=0)$KIMBJ.%=J/%]*C

[snip to the end]

You have a uuencode error around line 289 (of the stripped file;
line 1 is "begin 644...").  Neither of my decoders (Sun UNIX and
Win/NT) seem to like it.

The game's not quite appropriate here unless we'd like to see how
a Basic version of a Vectrex game would perform ;-), so could
you mail me the reuuencoded part?

Thanks,

Steve

(Yah, I'm posting this to the group in case someone else is also
trying to play with the game...)


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From: PJJH80A@prodigy.com (Gordon Glenn)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: New To This
Date: 22 Feb 1995 18:27:55 GMT
Organization: Prodigy Services Company  1-800-PRODIGY
Lines: 6
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Multi-Carts are made by Sean Kelly (312) 775-9138.  His address is 5789 
No. Milwaukee, Chicago, IL 60646.  His internet address is skelly@bbs.
xnet.com

I believe he charges about $50.00 for the cart.


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From: PJJH80A@prodigy.com (Gordon Glenn)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Joining the ranks of the Vectrexed - a few questions...
Date: 22 Feb 1995 18:33:23 GMT
Organization: Prodigy Services Company  1-800-PRODIGY
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Sean Kelly's phone number is (312) 775-9138.  Internet e-mail can be sent 
to:

skelly@bbs.xnet.com


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From: heller@akh104.rh.psu.edu (Andrew K. Heller)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Star Castle PC 2/3
Date: 22 Feb 1995 20:08:53 GMT
Organization: Penn-State Ghoull Labs
Lines: 24
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Message-ID: <3ig5kl$mf7@hearst.cac.psu.edu>
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Steve Platt (platt@cs.swarthmore.edu) wrote:

: You have a uuencode error around line 289 (of the stripped file;
: line 1 is "begin 644...").  Neither of my decoders (Sun UNIX and
: Win/NT) seem to like it.

     ER, my decoders loved it just fine.  If you are running unix
please make sure you put the two files together correctly and remove
only the headers and footers. =) (Hit me if you know all this)
For me, I run TIN since it does EVERYTHING, I just tagged the files, told 
tin to save it and process them as UU files... hey, the zip verify function
even worked on the extracted files.



--
Andrew K. Heller - Making the world safe once again.
------------------------------------------------------------------
  Computer Engineering at The Pennsylvania State University
     "The drinking University with a football problem"
                 heller@akh104.rh.psu.edu
------------------------------------------------------------------



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From: jnichola@labhp35.cs.utah.edu (jason barkdull)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Seeking Vectrex console/laser idea
Date: 22 Feb 1995 22:01:08 GMT
Organization: University of Utah Computer Science Department
Lines: 34
Distribution: inet
Message-ID: <3igc74$4k3@magus.cs.utah.edu>
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NNTP-Posting-Host: labhp35.cs.utah.edu
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]

Triangular Solenoid Bucket (chandler@nethost.multnomah.lib.or.us) wrote:

: If anyone has one for $50 or so, I'd like to get one.  I'm not interested 
: in collecting, condition, whatever.  If it's scratched up, needs work, 
: whatever -- is fine with me.  I want to PLAY one.  

: A ex-roommate of mine had one and I used to enjoy playing asteroids... 

: Has anyone converted the output to the x- y- coordinates of a laser?

: It would be cool to play a projected version on a wall, etc!  I'd only be 
: able to work on this if I *got* one, but I do have some resources for this.


: David Chandler  -  chandler@nethost.multnomah.lib.or.us  (503)301-3011

someone mentioned having seen this done; the vectrex hooked up to a laser
but i haven't seen anything since.  Whoever it was said they were going
to try and get the schematics to do it.


anyone remeber that post?
--

Right now, I'm designing and building a multicart. for my Vectrex
Pretty cool man!

 ________         ________
  - _    \       /    _ -
       ~  \  _  /  ~
 the        @@ \
jaybird   }'}'||\



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From: corey@cs.utexas.edu (Corey Cooper)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Star Castle PC 2/3
Date: 22 Feb 1995 17:26:05 -0600
Organization: CS Dept, University of Texas at Austin
Lines: 7
Distribution: inet
Message-ID: <3igh6d$56s@nada.cs.utexas.edu>
References: <J47bkbX.ptd125@delphi.com> <3ifq52$agc@larch.cc.swarthmore.edu> <3ig5kl$mf7@hearst.cac.psu.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: nada.cs.utexas.edu


Didn't work for me ... I used several methods, including piecing just the 
uucode together w/ a text editor and still got an error in the ZIP file.
ie, castle.exe had a CRC error.

try again, I'd like to see it ...


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From: weinecke@ins.infonet.net (Matthew Weinecke)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Vectrex Emulator
Date: Wed, 22 Feb 95 19:34:00 CST
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So then, ptd125@delphi.com says...
>I'd like to shed some light on this Activision "Emulator".
> 
>It is NOT an emulator ! Just as Microsoft re-wrote the code to play their
>classic games in Microsoft Arcade, so did Activision (well, Activision is
>long gone, somebody else owns it now and is using the name) RE-WRITE their
>15 classic games which you will see on the PC soon.
> 

Bzzzt!  Thank you for playing.  The guy who wrote the emulator hangs out on
the classic games newsgroups.  He was talking about it long before Activision
officially announced it.  Apparently only some sounds needed to be "re-written".  
Activision is releasing a series of three CD's, each containing a bunch of their 
classic games.

We have some lovely parting gifts for you.

-- 
                               /\__/\ 
                           .  / _  _ \  .
                           |\| (o)(o) |/|
@-----------------------.OOOo----oo----oOOO.-----------------------@
@        Matt Weinecke           -- WANTED TO BUY: Old Atari 2600/ @
@    weinecke@ins.infonet.net    -- 5200/7800,Vectrex,Intellivison @
@                                -- systems and games!  Email Me!  @
@___________________________________Oooo.__________________________@
                            .oooO   (   )
                            (   )    ) /
                             \ (    (_/
                              \_)


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From: skelly@amiserv.xnet.com (Sean Kelly)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Joining the ranks of the Vectrexed - a few questions...
Date: 23 Feb 1995 05:16:47 GMT
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ptd125@delphi.com wrote:
: I got my multi-cart last year from a fellow named Sean Kelly.
: The last known address I had for him was 5789 N. Milwaukee, Chicago, IL
: 60646. He charged my $65 for the cart. I've been playing it ever since.
 
I'm still here and at the same address although my email address has 
changed this past week.  The price is now $50 and anyone wanting info on 
the cart need only drop me a line...



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From: platt@cs.swarthmore.edu (Steve Platt)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Star Castle PC 2/3
Date: 23 Feb 1995 16:18:09 GMT
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heller@akh104.rh.psu.edu (Andrew K. Heller) writes:

>Steve Platt (platt@cs.swarthmore.edu) wrote:

>: You have a uuencode error around line 289 (of the stripped file;
>: line 1 is "begin 644...").  Neither of my decoders (Sun UNIX and
>: Win/NT) seem to like it.

>     ER, my decoders loved it just fine.  If you are running unix
>please make sure you put the two files together correctly and remove
>only the headers and footers. =) (Hit me if you know all this)
>For me, I run TIN since it does EVERYTHING, I just tagged the files, told 
>tin to save it and process them as UU files... hey, the zip verify function
>even worked on the extracted files.

Line 289 is in the *middle* of the first file...
(Unix uudecode liked it just fine, but pkunzip didn't.  Yes, I remembered
to do a binary xfer.  Yes, I removed the headers and middle fluff.
Yes, I've been doing this for a while.)

In any case, since you have a zip-happy version, could you send me
an (aargh) uuencoded copy or put it somewhere ftp'able?

Thanks,

Steve



>--
>Andrew K. Heller - Making the world safe once again.
>------------------------------------------------------------------
>  Computer Engineering at The Pennsylvania State University
>     "The drinking University with a football problem"
>                 heller@akh104.rh.psu.edu
>------------------------------------------------------------------



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From: heller@akh104.rh.psu.edu (Andrew K. Heller)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Star Castle PC 2/3
Date: 23 Feb 1995 18:19:23 GMT
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Corey Cooper (corey@cs.utexas.edu) wrote:

: Didn't work for me ... I used several methods, including piecing just the 
: uucode together w/ a text editor and still got an error in the ZIP file.
: ie, castle.exe had a CRC error.

: try again, I'd like to see it ...


  Mine has the error too.   whoops. *grin*  Maybe his zipping
had the error...who knows.   In anycase, REPOST please...
(I was thinking that your UUD didn't work correctly)   


--
Andrew K. Heller - Making the world safe once again.
------------------------------------------------------------------
  Computer Engineering at The Pennsylvania State University
     "The drinking University with a football problem"
                 heller@akh104.rh.psu.edu
------------------------------------------------------------------



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From: ken@cup.hp.com (Ken Sumrall)
Subject: Re: Seeking Vectrex console/laser idea
Sender: news@hpax (News Admin)
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Date: Thu, 23 Feb 1995 19:35:28 GMT
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jason barkdull (jnichola@labhp35.cs.utah.edu) wrote:
>  [ stuff deleted ] 
> someone mentioned having seen this done; the vectrex hooked up to a laser
> but i haven't seen anything since.  Whoever it was said they were going
> to try and get the schematics to do it.
>
>
> anyone remeber that post?
> --

I've been in touch with said person via e-mail for a few months.  Last time
we corresponded (Feb. 8 or so) he was looking for faster modulators, since
the ones he got were too slow.  When I get the schematics, I'll definately
post them here if he doesn't do it first.

| Ken Sumrall                          |             Internet: ken@cup.hp.com |
| HP California Language Labs          |           UUCP:  ...!hplabs!hpda!ken |
|    "I'd stomp desert dope heads for some gas in my moped!" - Bill the Cat   |
|              "What a stupid world" -Calvin (speaking to Hobbes)             |

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From: grownups@aol.com (GrownUps)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: vectrex repair
Date: 23 Feb 1995 19:16:04 -0500
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I have a worn out system. I have several games and miss playing 'em. Can
anyone recommend a reputable repair option? Thanks, DCWallin.

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From: adrin@aol.com (Adri N)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: $$  Looking to buy a Vectrex!!  $$
Date: 23 Feb 1995 21:04:50 -0500
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Actually, I'm not the one looking to buy a Vectrex. I own one already,
which is why this friend of mine wants one...really really badly.

And...he claims...he'll pay any price (although he does want a few
cartridges thrown in.)

If anyone is selling one, or knows of one available, please e-mail me.
Thanks!


XOXOXO...
         Adrian Roberts
...just another orange-haired, navel-pierced, 
   2600-obsessed, 20-something freak in San Francisco
And boy, do I love e-mail!
                          adrin@aol.com

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From: billw@glare.cisco.com (William )
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Vectrex Emulator
Date: 23 Feb 95 23:04:29
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	<B4w5ThQ.ptd125@delphi.com> <3hebj5$10n@magus.cs.utah.edu>
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In-reply-to: s004cas@alpha.wright.edu's message of 21 Feb 1995 16:11:13 GMT

    The speed isn't the hard part, they have C64 emulators that run at 
    true-speed on a Dx2-66, and the vectrex system is'nt anywhere NEAR as 
    complicated as a C64.

I think the c64 uses a simpler processor than the vectrex...

BUT - you don't have to write a full-speed emulator fora 6809 to emulate
a vextrex at full speed.  All the "system calls" can be written in native
code, and you just need enough cycles left to execute the mainline game
code in as much time as you have left over...

If you get really desparate, you can write a "compiler" that inputs
6809 code and writes 486 code...

BillW

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From: nerve@iadfw.net (Bob Childress)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: 3-D Goggles Wanted
Date: Fri, 24 Feb 95 13:19:58 GMT
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>
I sold all my Vectrex stuff to a collector who hasn't even touched it at this time and he was trying to sell it back to me.
Give me an idea of what price range you are thinking of. I need to decide if I want to get involved with this.
Thanks.
I had the 3d goggles and games. amongst  other stuff.
Bob
>I will pay any price.  Any price.
>
>Email me
>
>
>Element
>


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From: u01kdg@nof.abdn.ac.uk (u01kdg)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Wheres the FAQ?
Date: 24 Feb 1995 15:35:43 GMT
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Hello, I'm a newbie poster with a problem.
	A friend of mine owns a vectrex which worked fine up until another
friend went and knocked it over.The first question is where the hell can I get
it fixed, (in the UK preferably).Secondly, where's the FAQ??

	DaClaw..


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From: boutell@netcom.com (Thomas Boutell)
Subject: Re: Vectrex Emulator
Message-ID: <boutellD4IsyH.J9o@netcom.com>
Organization: Nerdsholm
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In article <BILLW.95Feb23230429@glare.cisco.com>,
William  <billw@glare.cisco.com> wrote:
>    The speed isn't the hard part, they have C64 emulators that run at 
>    true-speed on a Dx2-66, and the vectrex system is'nt anywhere NEAR as 
>    complicated as a C64.
>
>I think the c64 uses a simpler processor than the vectrex...
>
>BUT - you don't have to write a full-speed emulator fora 6809 to emulate
>a vextrex at full speed.  All the "system calls" can be written in native
>code, and you just need enough cycles left to execute the mainline game
>code in as much time as you have left over...
>
>If you get really desparate, you can write a "compiler" that inputs
>6809 code and writes 486 code...

I don't want to pour cold water on anyone -- people get overly
passionate in these emulator threads sometimes (particularly
in alt.atari.2600). Just a short observation:

Undoubtedly many of the better games write directly to the 
(ports? Memory-mapped addresses? Same difference) used to 
control the video display. Why would they do this? To pull off
stunts the system calls don't allow for. For the same reason
that nobody writes games that use the PC BIOS (to take a silly
example, it's mostly useless). For a more serious example,
though, people don't typically write action games for the
MS Windows API, either. Not if they want them to be as fast
as possible. Even though the API is relatively rich interms
of what you can ask of it.

(No WinG threads, please, this is rec.gamees vectrex and I'm just
drawing an analogy.)

... So a good Vectrex emulator would have to simulate the
hardware. This doesn't preclude an emulator, it just makes
it tougher. I could make a better guess at the difficulty
if anyone seemed to know what programmers did to drive
the Vectrex video. 

For instance, has anyone deciphered what the ROM call to draw a 
shape actually *does*, and therefore what set of writes to the hardware 
addresses produces what display?

I've heard comments about multiplication and integration
being performed by the hardware involved in producing the actual display. 
That's pretty wacky, but without specifics I can't really say whether 
I can see a good way to emulate it or not. 

-T
-- 
The ouzo of human kindness.


<URL:http://sunsite.unc.edu/boutell/index.html>

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From: gep2@computek.net
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Lightpen question:
Date: 24 Feb 1995 21:34:37 GMT
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>   element@netcom.com (Element) writes:
>  I got my lightpen the other day from a fine fellow at a modest price but 
>  in Melody Master how do you program a tune or does anybody have the 
>  manual?  I feel like a gonad not being able to figure it out.

Well, I'm not going to key in the whole manual for you, but basically:

     Select MUSIC mode
     Select Voice1/Voice2/Rhythm  (the track you want to work on)
     Toggle "Off"
          you can now toggle LOUD (changes to SOFT)
                               toggle PIANO (changes to FLUTE)
     Select "Compose"
          now you select notes and use Button 3 to "lock in" each note
     When done use Button 4 to return to the menu
     Select "Play" to play back the saved melody

There's a lot of other fine points, but that ought to get you started.

Enjoy!

Gordon Peterson



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From: ard@p850ug1.demon.co.uk (Tony Duell)
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Subject: vectrex repairs
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There have been a couple of recent posts about how to get a vectrex repaired.

Now, IMHO, the only reliable repair option is Do It Yourself. But then I'm a
bit strange - how many other people rewind the motors in their printer, replace
chips in DEC CPUs (with about 1000 chips in them), etc. So, I realise that this
is not an option for most people

However, the Vectrex service manual is available on the FTP site, as a set of
mostly legible .tiff files. I would recomend that anyone with a faulty vectrex
should pull these files and print them - a good service engineer should be able
to repair the vectrex given the manual.

Now, as to what's inside a vectrex :

There are 2 PCBS. The one flat in the bottom contains the digital circuitry.
That's a 6809 CPU, ROM, RAM, VIA (6522), sound chip (AY-3-8912), and the
vector generation stuff. Nothing custom there at all. You might have problems
getting a AY-3-8912 nowadays, but I guess there are a few spare ones arround.

The other PCB contains the analog circuitry (CRT deflection amplifiers, audio
amplifier, etc) and the power supplies (+/- 5V for the logic and vector
circuits, -13V for the DAC chip), together with the high voltage power supply
for the CRT. I suspect that most problems come in the latter area.

The EHT circuit is remarkably similar to that used in a monochrome television,
once you've realised that there is no connection to the horizontal scan system.
So, a TV engineer should be able to sort that out. Quite where you'd get the
flyback transformer from I don't know.

Now I seem to remember that one of the vectrexes (vectrices?) mentioned here
had been dropped. The most likely faults to result from that are cracked PCBs
(which, as they are simply double-sided can be repaied with a fine soldering
iron and thin wire), or , unfortunately, a cracked CRT. Pray that I'm wrong, as
small monochrome CRTs are difficult to find in the UK.

I don't have the time or resources to operate a vectrex repair service, but I'm
quite happy to suggest repair methods. Please note that I assume you have
access to at least a voltmeter, and that you know something about electronics.
Of course you're welcome to relay questions from a service engineer to me.

-tony



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From: adrin@aol.com (Adri N)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Looking for 3-D goggles and games...
Date: 24 Feb 1995 20:55:18 -0500
Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364)
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Like I'm sure I'm not the only one looking for the Vectrex 3-D Goggles and
games...

But I finally have a job where I'm making enough money where I might
actually be able to AFFORD to buy a pair off somebody, along with some of
the games...

If anyone is selling, or knows where I can find a set, please e-mail me.
I'm not exactly holding my breath though. I do realize I'm talking rare
diamonds, not cubic zirconia.

XOXOXO...
         Adrian Roberts
...just another orange-haired, navel-pierced, 
   2600-obsessed, 20-something freak in San Francisco
And boy, do I love e-mail!
                          adrin@aol.com

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From: droms@bucknell.edu (Ralph Droms)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Vectrex for sale
Date: Sat, 25 Feb 1995 15:26:49 -0500
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NNTP-Posting-Host: uvite55.bucknell.edu

I have a Vectrex system for sale - like new condition, all original
packing material.  I purchased it new when the units were originally
surplused (10 years ago?).  I also have six cartridges, each with overlay
and instructions:

   Scramble (my personal favorite)
   Armor Attack
   Web Wars
   Solar Quest
   Star Trek
   Cosmic Chasm

Price is $150 + shipping.

- Ralph Droms                 Computer and Communication Services
  droms@bucknell.edu          Associate Professor of Computer Science
  (717) 524-1795              Bucknell University
  (717) 524-1790 (fax)        Lewisburg, PA 17837        USA

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Path: csus.edu!csulb.edu!library.ucla.edu!agate!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!unix.globalone.net!globalone!davewarner
From: davewarner@globalone.vircom.com ()
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: New To This
Date: 23 Feb 1995 12:48:53 GMT
Organization: Global One, Inc.
Lines: 22
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Gordon Glenn (PJJH80A@prodigy.com) wrote:
: Multi-Carts are made by Sean Kelly (312) 775-9138.  His address is 5789 
: No. Milwaukee, Chicago, IL 60646.  His internet address is skelly@bbs.
: xnet.com

: I believe he charges about $50.00 for the cart.


I purchased a Multi-Cart from Sean Kelly for $55.00 (including shipping) a
few months ago and the thing works beautifully!  My Vectrex now sits
comfortably amidst my 6 Amigas and gets powered up at least a couple of
times every day.

I don't think the E-Mail address you gave is correct though...I was able to
reach him at:
                   skelly@sacbbx.net 


--
                                     -David Warner of Event Horizon Graphics
             Correct Internet Address:davidwarner@globalone.net
 

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Path: csus.edu!csulb.edu!nic-nac.CSU.net!usc!howland.reston.ans.net!gatech!paladin.american.edu!news
From: EG3663A@american.edu
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: GENESIS+TURBODUO GAMES FOR SALE/TRADE  -  turbo [1/1]
Date: 26 Feb 1995 23:58:27 GMT
Organization: The American University
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Path: paladin.american.edu!news
From: EG3663A@american.edu
Newsgroups: rec.games.video.misc
Subject: Sega and Turbo DUO games for sale!
Date: 26 Feb 1995 22:44:38 GMT
Organization: The American University
Lines: 15
Message-ID: <3ir08m$ii@paladin.american.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: ramone.acc-lab.american.edu
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I have the following Genesis and Turbo games for sale, or to trade for  
3do titles:

Genesis:
1) World Series Baseball (Best Baseball title ever!)
2) Eternal Champions (Incredible Fighting Game!)
3) Sonic The Hedgehog (The origonal classic!)

Turbo games:
1) Bonk's Revenge (incredible Graphics!)
2) Splatter House ( Disgustingly AWESOME!)
3) Fantasy Zone (Totaly Awesome!)
4) Golf (Great golf Sim!)

Email me as soon as possible!

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Path: csus.edu!csulb.edu!library.ucla.edu!agate!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!uunet!asb.com
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
From: james.ancsanyi@asb.com
Message-ID: <19950225.n1a5@asb.com>
Date: Fri, 24 Feb 95 05:56:00 -0500
Subject: Re: Vectrex Emulator
References: <5y16705.ptd125@delphi.com> <3hc038$4lh@magus.cs.utah.edu> <B4w5ThQ.ptd125@delphi.com> <3hebj5$10n@magus.cs.utah.edu> <3hehtf$en8@camelot.bradley.edu> <3id3b1$i3u@mercury.wright.edu> <3iddsc$123i@hearst.cac.psu.edu>
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He> I would argue with that.   As it is now, you need a good 486DX40+
 He> to emulate an Atari8bit home computer.  And that is way more
 He> complicated than the C64. (And the code was all written in assembly).

I ran Xformer on my old 386DX-33 and it was almost the same as the
original 800. I'd have to do a test but I'd say no more than 10% slower
than an actually 800.


... I'd love to, but my subconscious says no.                                   
___ TagDude 0.86 [Unregistered]
___ Blue Wave/QWK v2.12


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Path: csus.edu!csulb.edu!nic-nac.CSU.net!news.Cerritos.edu!news.Arizona.EDU!nicmos2!mramsey
From: mramsey@nicmos2.as.arizona.edu (Marshall Ramsey)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Multi-cart 4 sale1/1]
Date: 27 Feb 1995 04:07:31 GMT
Organization: University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
Lines: 9
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NNTP-Posting-Host: nicmos2.as.arizona.edu
Keywords: multi, cart

Since I just received my Woodward multi-cart I would like to
sell my Sean Kelly multi-cart. It works great and has dip
switches to select 32 games, a pause button, and a power on
light. I'm asking $40 plus $2 shipping in US.

--Marshall
  mramsey@as.arizona.edu



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From: scn@thales.nmia.com (Scott C Nichols)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Where's the FAQ
Date: 26 Feb 1995 21:53:02 -0700
Organization: /usr/local/lib/news/organization
Lines: 8
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Message-ID: <3irlre$giv@thales.nmia.com>
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Title says it all, where's the FTP site and in what directory is the 
r.g.v FAQ?

Thanks,

Scott Nichols
scn@nmia.com

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Path: csus.edu!csulb.edu!nic-nac.CSU.net!usc!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!unix.globalone.net!globalone!davewarner
From: davewarner@globalone.vircom.com ()
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: vectrex repairs
Date: 27 Feb 1995 17:38:06 GMT
Organization: Global One, Inc.
Lines: 15
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Tony Duell (ard@p850ug1.demon.co.uk) wrote:

: However, the Vectrex service manual is available on the FTP site, as a set of
: mostly legible .tiff files. I would recomend that anyone with a faulty vectrex
: should pull these files and print them - a good service engineer should be able
: to repair the vectrex given the manual.


Could someone please re-post the addresses for any FTP sites with Vectrex
related info?

--
                                     -David Warner of Event Horizon Graphics
             Correct Internet Address:davidwarner@globalone.net
 

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From: ptd125@delphi.com
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Vectrex Emulator
Date: Mon, 27 Feb 95 18:40:29 -0500
Organization: Delphi (info@delphi.com email, 800-695-4005 voice)
Lines: 9
Distribution: inet
Message-ID: <JG+6tOV.ptd125@delphi.com>
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NNTP-Posting-Host: bos1d.delphi.com
X-To: <james.ancsanyi@asb.com>

<james.ancsanyi@asb.com> writes:
 
>I ran Xformer on my old 386DX-33 and it was almost the same as the
>original 800. I'd have to do a test but I'd say no more than 10% slower
>than an actually 800.
 
I ran Xformer on a 386DX-40 and the speed seemed to be equal. The emulator
does not support sound, however. That's what slows things down with
the C64 emulators.

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Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Path: csus.edu!csulb.edu!nic-nac.CSU.net!usc!howland.reston.ans.net!torn!sis!hubble.sheridanc.on.ca!timothy
From: jeff timothy <timothy@hubble.sheridanc.on.ca>
Subject: Vectrex Wanted
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Message-ID: <Pine.OSF.3.91.950227230645.956A-100000@hubble.sheridanc.on.ca>
Sender: news@eclipse.sheridanc.on.ca (USENET News System)
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Date: Tue, 28 Feb 1995 04:10:59 GMT
Lines: 10


  About 10 years ago I happened to buy a Vectrex from a friend but by some 
strange chance I ended up selling it.  Its been a while but I would like 
to own one again!  I don't care if its in its origional packaging or if 
it is in Mint condition...  I just want one that works well and I would 
also like to get some games for it.  (if not with it, then later...)  If 
you know where I can pick one up, or have one for sale please let me know.

	Thanx...


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Path: csus.edu!news.starnet.net!wupost!howland.reston.ans.net!gatech!swrinde!cs.utexas.edu!news.sprintlink.net!uunet!xnet!skelly
From: skelly@flood.xnet.com (Sean Kelly)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: vectrex repairs
Date: 28 Feb 1995 07:00:44 GMT
Organization: XNet - A Full Service Internet Provider - (708) 983-6064
Lines: 16
Distribution: inet
Message-ID: <3iuhms$t3h@flood.xnet.com>
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davewarner@globalone.vircom.com wrote:
: Tony Duell (ard@p850ug1.demon.co.uk) wrote:

: : However, the Vectrex service manual is available on the FTP site, as a set of
: : mostly legible .tiff files. I would recomend that anyone with a faulty vectrex
: : should pull these files and print them - a good service engineer should be able
: : to repair the vectrex given the manual.


: Could someone please re-post the addresses for any FTP sites with Vectrex
: related info?

 
It's at ftp.csus.edu....



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Path: csus.edu!csulb.edu!nic-nac.CSU.net!news.Cerritos.edu!news.Arizona.EDU!nicmos2!mramsey
From: mramsey@nicmos2.as.arizona.edu (Marshall Ramsey)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Vectrex and games 4 Sale
Date: 28 Feb 1995 15:24:58 GMT
Organization: University of Arizona, CCIT
Lines: 17
Sender: mramsey@nicmos2 (Marshall Ramsey)
Distribution: inet
Message-ID: <3ivf8a$4qs@news.CCIT.Arizona.EDU>
References: <793671978snz@p850ug1.demon.co.uk> <3it2lu$aik@unix.globalone.net> <3iuhms$t3h@flood.xnet.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: nicmos2.as.arizona.edu

I have a Vectrex for sale but it needs a little work.  The test cart shows that
the up and down directions on the joystick are not be read.  I used the same
joystick on another machine and it worked fine.  It could just need cleaning but
I doubt it.

The display looks good with no burn-in.  Games that do not require up and down
joystick readings work great (Armor Attack, Mine Storm, etc.).  If it wasn't for
the joystick this would be the better of my two Vectrexes.

Asking $60 OBO.

I also have two common games for sale.
Scramble $15
Star Trek $10

--Marshall
  mramsey@as.arizona.edu

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From: heller@akh104.rh.psu.edu (Andrew K. Heller)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: Vectrex Emulator
Date: 28 Feb 1995 16:10:26 GMT
Organization: Penn-State Ghoull Labs
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ptd125@delphi.com wrote:
: <james.ancsanyi@asb.com> writes:
:  
: >I ran Xformer on my old 386DX-33 and it was almost the same as the
: >original 800. I'd have to do a test but I'd say no more than 10% slower
: >than an actually 800.
:  
: I ran Xformer on a 386DX-40 and the speed seemed to be equal. The emulator
: does not support sound, however. That's what slows things down with
: the C64 emulators.

 Odd, I ran it on a 486/25 and it was just a bit slow...

--
Andrew K. Heller - Making the world safe once again.
------------------------------------------------------------------
  Computer Engineering at The Pennsylvania State University
     "The drinking University with a football problem"
                 heller@akh104.rh.psu.edu
------------------------------------------------------------------



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Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Path: csus.edu!netcom.com!edh
From: edh@netcom.com (Eric Hornchek)
Subject: Bedlam and Spike not working
Message-ID: <edhD4q8Hv.8Ez@netcom.com>
Organization: NETCOM On-line Communication Services (408 261-4700 guest)
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL1]
Date: Tue, 28 Feb 1995 20:20:19 GMT
Lines: 15
Sender: edh@netcom9.netcom.com

Are there any know incompatibilities between some vectrex's and the
games Spike or Bedlam?  I've created a multicart from the binaries
at ftp.csus.edu and everything not requiring 3D or a LP works fine
but these two.

I've tried the bedlam in both the games and gamesfixed directories and
burt EPROMS several times ... always the same result .... title screen,
player screen, then blank ... no sound, no picture.

Anyone else have problems like these?  The unit seems to be your standard
US variety made in Hong Kong.

-- 
------------------------------------------------------------
Eric Hornchek           San Jose, CA          edh@netcom.com
------------------------------------------------------------

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Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Path: csus.edu!netcom.com!edh
From: edh@netcom.com (Eric Hornchek)
Subject: 3D Goggles internals
Message-ID: <edhD4q8rJ.8zz@netcom.com>
Organization: NETCOM On-line Communication Services (408 261-4700 guest)
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL1]
Date: Tue, 28 Feb 1995 20:26:06 GMT
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Sender: edh@netcom9.netcom.com

Can someone provide some technical info about the Vectrex 3D goggles.
From drawings of the wheels, I'd assume a photo-transistor was used
to feed a sync signal from the goggles to the vectrex.  Anyone know
where the signal is picked up (a pin on joystick 2 perhaps)?

What is the approximate spin rate?  Were there any outgoing controls 
from the vectrex for motor speed, or was it simply an open loop system
with the sync signal for speed sensing?

Any info would be appreciated since little was provided on this topic
in the rest of the on-line documents i've read.

edh@netcom.com

-- 
------------------------------------------------------------
Eric Hornchek           San Jose, CA          edh@netcom.com
------------------------------------------------------------

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From: EG3663A@american.edu
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: FREE! FREE! FREE! TURBODUO GAMES!  -  graphix [1/1]
Date: 28 Feb 1995 19:47:26 GMT
Organization: The American University
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Path: paladin.american.edu!news
From: EG3663A@american.edu
Newsgroups: rec.games.video.misc
Subject: FREE! FREE! FREE! TURBOGRAPHIX GAMES!
Date: 28 Feb 1995 19:33:21 GMT
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Lines: 6
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THE FIRST FOUR (4) PEOPLE WHO RESPOND TO THIS POST THROUGH EMAIL
WILL RECEIVE A FREE TURBO GRAPHICS GAME.  EACH GAME CAN BE USED ON THE
TURBODUO, TURBOGRAPHICS, OR TURBO EXPRESS GAME SYSTEMS!  THE GAMES ARE
FREE ($6 shipping/handling charge) - SO ACT QUICKLY!  GAMES WILL BE
INSURED, AND SHIPPED WITH THE BEST CARE.  EMAIL ME NOW!  Winners will be
informed through their email.

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From: heller@akh104.rh.psu.edu (Andrew K. Heller)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex
Subject: Re: 3D Goggles internals
Date: 28 Feb 1995 20:44:03 GMT
Organization: Penn-State Ghoull Labs
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Eric Hornchek (edh@netcom.com) wrote:
: Can someone provide some technical info about the Vectrex 3D goggles.
: From drawings of the wheels, I'd assume a photo-transistor was used
: to feed a sync signal from the goggles to the vectrex.  Anyone know
: where the signal is picked up (a pin on joystick 2 perhaps)?

: What is the approximate spin rate?  Were there any outgoing controls 
: from the vectrex for motor speed, or was it simply an open loop system
: with the sync signal for speed sensing?

 The vectrex could control frame rate as I recall.  In some
situations, the Vectrex slows down the goggles and at others
speeds them up.  (Crazy Coaster comes to mind.)


--
 Andrew  heller@akh104.rh.psu.edu
---
 Carts: 2600 104; 5200 28; 7800 20 (MINT); Lynx 5; Vectrex 20
 Systems: 2600A 2; 2600JR 1; Sears SVA2 1; 5200 2; 7800 2; Lynx 1; 800 2;
          1200XL 1; 600XL 1; 800XL 7, 130XE 1; Vectrex 1 + Pen & 3d
 ELO listenin', Dr. Pepper, Kool-aid, and Red Devil drinkin', Atari lovin',
 cags-faq writin', FLYERS watchin', fuji worshiping Ghoull-Man.

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From: bpm220@nervm.nerdc.ufl.edu (Marconi)
Newsgroups: rec.games.vectrex,alt.games.video.classic,rec.games.video.classic,rec.games.video.marketplace,rec.games.video.misc
Subject: VECTREX setup FOR SALE
Date: Wed, 1 Mar 1995 00:10:56 UNDEFINED
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Xref: csus.edu rec.games.vectrex:2536 alt.games.video.classic:6693 rec.games.video.classic:16481 rec.games.video.marketplace:22017 rec.games.video.misc:21664

I want to buy a 32 bit soundcard for my computer, but I need cash to do so, so 
I am selling my Vectrex setup.  I am interested in selling the setup to a 
single buyer.  This is what I am selling:

Vectrex with one controller.
	-Original box 
	-Original packaging including:
		-Owner's manual
		- Mine Storm instruction
		- reminder for Mine Storm
		- accessories order form
		- orange company address correction document
		- lots of other paper
	- The unit does not have the original 3 prong plug.  I had to splice a 
	  working one onto the wire.  Otherwise, the unit is in fantastic shape.	

The following 18 games are all in mint condition.  No scratches or stains on 
the stickers.  They all come in the original box (in good condition), all come 
with the instruction (except for Hyperchase), all come with overlays (except 
for Hyperchase) and all come with the paper overlay sheaths.

AnimAction
Armor Attack
Bedlam
Berzerk
Blitz
Clean Sweep
Cosmic Chasm
Heads Up
Hyperchase
Melody Master
Rip Off
Scramble
Spike
Spacewars
Spinball
Star Castle
Star Trek
Starhawk

Please send all bids to bpm220@nervm.nerdc.ufl.edu.
You can call me at (904)375-1039 to make sure I sound reputable.
Happy bidding :^)



Eric Marcoullier

bpm220@nervm.nerdc.ufl.edu
http://www.jou.ufl.edu/people/ungrad/emarc.htm
Anything you say can and will be used against you.

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